NM_005051.3:c.781G>C

Variant names:

• chr3-49101628-C-G
• rs779251239
• NM_005051.3:c.781G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points: 4P and 0B. PM1 PM2

The NM_005051.3(QARS1):​c.781G>C​(p.Gly261Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,461,424 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: QARS1 NM_005051.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.38
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

QARS1 (HGNC:9751): (glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase 1) Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. In metazoans, 9 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases specific for glutamine (gln), glutamic acid (glu), and 7 other amino acids are associated within a multienzyme complex. Although present in eukaryotes, glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (QARS) is absent from many prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, in which Gln-tRNA(Gln) is formed by transamidation of the misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln). Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

QARS1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy - intractable seizures - progressive microcephaly syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, ClinGen, Orphanet
• microcephaly-short stature-intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 5 uncertain in NM_005051.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_005051.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	QARS1	NM_005051.3	MANE Select	c.781G>C	p.Gly261Arg	missense	Exon 9 of 24	NP_005042.1
	QARS1	NM_001272073.2		c.748G>C	p.Gly250Arg	missense	Exon 9 of 24	NP_001259002.1
	QARS1	NR_073590.2		n.756G>C		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 9 of 24

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	QARS1	ENST00000306125.12	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.781G>C	p.Gly261Arg	missense	Exon 9 of 24	ENSP00000307567.6
	QARS1	ENST00000464962.6	TSL:1	c.346G>C	p.Gly116Arg	missense	Exon 8 of 23	ENSP00000489011.1
	QARS1	ENST00000414533.5	TSL:2	c.748G>C	p.Gly250Arg	missense	Exon 9 of 24	ENSP00000390015.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000796 AC: 2 AN: 251264 AF XY: 0.00000736

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000579

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2 AN: 1461424 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727020

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33468

American (AMR) AF: 0.0000447 AC: 2 AN: 44718

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26130

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86236

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53408

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5426

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1111990

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60348

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions as Germline

Significance: Uncertain significance

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
-	2	-	Diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy - intractable seizures - progressive microcephaly syndrome (2)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.12
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	0.0039	T
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	-0.060
CADD	Pathogenic	28
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.40	T
Eigen	Uncertain	0.67
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.64
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	D
M_CAP	Benign	0.047	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.68	D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.91	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.5	M
PhyloP100		7.4
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.68	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.5	D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.34
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0020	D
Polyphen		0.97	D
Vest4		0.60
MutPred		0.49		Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.019)
MVP		0.55
MPC		1.1
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		4.5
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.82
gMVP		0.86
Mutation Taster		=9/91	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs779251239; hg19: chr3-49139061;