chr1-45331180-G-A

Position:

chr1-45331180-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 4 ACMG points: 4P and 0B. PVS1_ModeratePM2

The NM_001048174.2(MUTYH):c.1392+2C>T variant causes a splice donor, intron change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000812 in 1,614,160 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 1/1 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00034 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000054 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

MUTYH
NM_001048174.2 splice_donor, intron

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:1U:12B:3

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.23

Variant links:

Genes affected

MUTYH (HGNC:7527): (mutY DNA glycosylase) This gene encodes a DNA glycosylase involved in oxidative DNA damage repair. The enzyme excises adenine bases from the DNA backbone at sites where adenine is inappropriately paired with guanine, cytosine, or 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine, a major oxidatively damaged DNA lesion. The protein is localized to the nucleus and mitochondria. This gene product is thought to play a role in signaling apoptosis by the introduction of single-strand breaks following oxidative damage. Mutations in this gene result in heritable predisposition to colorectal cancer, termed MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP). Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2017]

MUTYH links:

ENSG00000288208 (HGNC:):

ENSG00000288208 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 4 ACMG points.

PVS1

Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, product NOT destroyed by NMD, known LOF gene, truncates exone, which is 0.09706258 fraction of the gene. Cryptic splice site detected, with MaxEntScore 7.5, offset of 0 (no position change), new splice context is: aagGTacta. Cryptic site results in inframe change. If cryptic site found is not functional and variant results in exon loss, it results in inframe change.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MUTYH	NM_001048174.2 linkuse as main transcript	c.1392+2C>T		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant		ENST00000456914.7	NP_001041639.1	Q9UIF7-6

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MUTYH	ENST00000456914.7 linkuse as main transcript	c.1392+2C>T		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant		1	NM_001048174.2	ENSP00000407590.2		Q9UIF7-6
ENSG00000288208	ENST00000671898.1 linkuse as main transcript	n.1980+2C>T		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant				ENSP00000499896.1		A0A5F9ZGZ0

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000315

AC:

AN:

152218

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00104

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.000196

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000414

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.000119

AC:

AN:

251488

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000736

AC XY:

AN XY:

135920

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00123

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000145

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.000163

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000540

AC:

AN:

1461824

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000454

AC XY:

AN XY:

727218

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00146

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.000134

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.000139

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000166

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000341

AC:

AN:

152336

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000349

AC XY:

AN XY:

74484

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00113

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.000196

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.000414

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000432

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000348

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.000908

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000148

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.000289

AC:

AN:

3478

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1Uncertain:12Benign:3

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Familial adenomatous polyposis 2

Pathogenic:1Uncertain:5Benign:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Revvity Omics, Revvity	Jun 19, 2023	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Jan 09, 2018	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Jan 31, 2024	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina	May 28, 2017	The MUTYH c.1434+2C>T variant occurs in a canonical splice site (donor) and is therefore predicted to disrupt or distort the normal gene product. It was observed by ICSL as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018) and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score for this variant, it could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene and cDNA change. No publications were found based on this search. Due to the potential impact of splice donor variants and the lack of clarifying evidence, this variant is classified as a variant of unknown significance but suspicious for pathogenicity for MYH-associated polyposis. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Mendelics	May 28, 2019	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health	Aug 06, 2024	This variant causes a C to T nucleotide substitution at the +2 position of intron 14 of the MUTYH gene. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with hereditary cancer in the literature. This variant has been identified in 37/282888 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Likely pathogenic, flagged submission	clinical testing	Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center	Mar 26, 2024	- -

not provided

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	Feb 09, 2024	The MUTYH c.1476+2C>T variant has been reported in the published literature in individuals with breast cancer (PMID: 25186627 (2015)) or other unspecified advanced cancers (PMID: 28873162 (2017)), as well as in a reportedly healthy individual (PMID: 33471991 (2021), see also LOVD (http://databases.lovd.nl/shared/genes/MUTYH)). The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.0011 (27/24970 chromosomes (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is uninformative in the assessment of its pathogenicity. Analysis of this variant using software algorithms for the prediction of the effect of nucleotide changes on splicing yielded predictions that this variant does not affect MUTYH mRNA splicing. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Mar 03, 2015	- -
Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System	-	- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	curation	Sema4, Sema4	Mar 08, 2022	- -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Oct 11, 2019	This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Jan 10, 2023	This variant causes a C to T nucleotide substitution at the +2 position of intron 14 of the MUTYH gene. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with hereditary cancer in the literature. This variant has been identified in 37/282888 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not specified

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp	Jul 18, 2021	Variant summary: MUTYH c.1476+2C>T is located in a canonical splice-site and is predicted to affect mRNA splicing resulting in a significantly altered protein due to either exon skipping, shortening, or inclusion of intronic material. 5/5 computational tools predict that this variant strengthens the canonical 5' splicing donor site (i.e. it seems to change a non-classical splice site into a classic, consensus splice site), therefore no significant impact on normal splicing is expected. However, these predictions have yet to be confirmed by functional studies. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00012 in 251488 control chromosomes, predominantly within the African or African-American subpopulation at a frequency of 0.0012 in the gnomAD database. This frequency is not higher than the expected maximum for a pathogenic variant in MUTYH causing MUTYH-associated Polyposis (0.0046), allowing no conclusion about variant significance. c.1476+2C>T has been reported in the literature as a VUS in 2 individuals affected with breast cancer undergoing multigene panel testing (example, Tung_2014). This report does not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with MUTYH-associated Polyposis. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Seven other clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014, and classified the variant as VUS (n=6), or benign (n=1). Some submitters cite overlapping evidence utilized in the context of this evaluation. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as Variant of Uncertain Significance (VUS). -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital	Aug 15, 2023	- -

MUTYH-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Sep 25, 2024

The MUTYH c.1476+2C>T variant is predicted to interfere with splicing. This variant is predicted to restore the donor splice site in intron 14 to a consensus splice site (GT) based on available splicing prediction programs (Alamut v2.11). This variant was reported as uncertain significance in two individuals with breast cancer (see Cohort 1 and Cohort 2 in Supporting Data; Tung et al. 2015. PubMed ID: 25186627). This variant is reported in 0.11% of alleles in individuals of African descent in gnomAD, and has conflicting interpretations regarding its pathogenicity in ClinVar, ranging from benign to uncertain (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/187040/). Although we suspect that this variant may be benign, at this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.19

BayesDel_noAF

Uncertain

-0.080

CADD

Benign

DANN

Benign

0.88

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.77

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.56

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.44

GERP RS

2.4

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over