chr16-23603536-C-T

Variant names:

• chr16-23603536-C-T
• rs1060502752
• NM_024675.4:c.3484G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):​c.3484G>A​(p.Val1162Met) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000205 in 1,461,882 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. V1162V) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000021 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PALB2 NM_024675.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.92
• Publications: 1 publications found

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PALB2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• Fanconi anemia complementation group N

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• familial ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
• Fanconi anemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.3484G>A	p.Val1162Met	missense_variant	Exon 13 of 13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.3484G>A	p.Val1162Met	missense_variant	Exon 13 of 13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.0000119 AC: 3 AN: 251480 AF XY: 0.0000147

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000867

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000205 AC: 3 AN: 1461882 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 727242

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.0000671 AC: 3 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39698

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86258

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53420

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1112002

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60396

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0.00109982), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:2

Oct 04, 2023

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge -

May 11, 2023

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The variant has not been reported in the published literature. The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.000087 (3/34590 chromosomes, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org), is uninformative in assessment of its pathogenicity. Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded conflicting predictions that this variant is benign or damaging. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Aug 10, 2018

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Apr 04, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.V1162M variant (also known as c.3484G>A), located in coding exon 13 of the PALB2 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 3484. The valine at codon 1162 is replaced by methionine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

Jan 26, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces valine, which is neutral and non-polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 1162 of the PALB2 protein (p.Val1162Met). This variant is present in population databases (no rsID available, gnomAD 0.009%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PALB2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 410133). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.60
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.17	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.29
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.064	T;T
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.75
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.72
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.93	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.88	D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.035	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.53	D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.66	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	2.0	.;M
PhyloP100		4.9
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.68	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-2.3	N;N
REVEL	Benign	0.20
Sift	Uncertain	0.0030	D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0060	D;D
Polyphen		1.0	.;D
Vest4		0.59
MutPred		0.32		.;Loss of methylation at K1163 (P = 0.0172);
MVP		0.55
MPC		0.35
ClinPred		0.72	D
GERP RS		5.9
Varity_R		0.42
gMVP		0.41
Mutation Taster		=68/32	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1060502752; hg19: chr16-23614857;