Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 16 ACMG points: 16P and 0B. PM1PM5PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000512.5(GALNS):c.901G>T(p.Gly301Cys) variant causes a missense, splice region change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000849 in 1,613,540 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 1/1 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. G301D) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00011 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000082 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

GALNS
NM_000512.5 missense, splice_region

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:10

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.77

Publications

37 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

GALNS (HGNC:4122): (galactosamine (N-acetyl)-6-sulfatase) This gene encodes N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase which is a lysosomal exohydrolase required for the degradation of the glycosaminoglycans, keratan sulfate, and chondroitin 6-sulfate. Sequence alterations including point, missense and nonsense mutations, as well as those that affect splicing, result in a deficiency of this enzyme. Deficiencies of this enzyme lead to Morquio A syndrome, a lysosomal storage disorder. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GALNS Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

mucopolysaccharidosis type 4A
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, ClinGen, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, Genomics England PanelApp

GALNS links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 16 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 8 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 2 benign, 11 uncertain in NM_000512.5

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr16-88832098-C-T is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 1516151.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.962

PP5

Variant 16-88832099-C-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr16-88832099-C-A is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 708.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000512.5. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
GALNS	NM_000512.5	MANE Select	c.901G>T	p.Gly301Cys	missense splice_region	Exon 9 of 14	NP_000503.1
GALNS	NM_001323544.2		c.919G>T	p.Gly307Cys	missense splice_region	Exon 10 of 15	NP_001310473.1
GALNS	NM_001323543.2		c.346G>T	p.Gly116Cys	missense splice_region	Exon 8 of 13	NP_001310472.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
GALNS	ENST00000268695.10	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.901G>T	p.Gly301Cys	missense splice_region	Exon 9 of 14	ENSP00000268695.5
GALNS	ENST00000562593.5	TSL:1	n.4310G>T		splice_region non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 7 of 12
GALNS	ENST00000562931.5	TSL:5	n.489G>T		splice_region non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 6 of 6

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000112

AC:

AN:

152128

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000242

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.000458

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000118

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.000478

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000442

AC:

AN:

249100

AF XY:

0.0000444

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000581

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000623

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000330

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000821

AC:

120

AN:

1461294

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000770

AC XY:

AN XY:

726942

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33472

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000895

AC:

AN:

44676

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26118

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39698

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86220

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53246

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5750

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000103

AC:

114

AN:

1111752

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000331

AC:

AN:

60362

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.459

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000112

AC:

AN:

152246

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000107

AC XY:

AN XY:

74446

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000241

AC:

AN:

41520

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000457

AC:

AN:

15304

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5186

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4830

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10624

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000118

AC:

AN:

67994

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000473

AC:

AN:

2112

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.490

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000494

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000110

ExAC

AF:

0.0000989

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.000178

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions as Germline

Significance:Pathogenic

Revision:criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

View on ClinVar

Pathogenic

VUS

Benign

Condition

Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-IV-A (7)

not provided (2)

Morquio syndrome (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.94

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.41

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.53

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.92

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.91

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.78

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.92

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.87

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.96

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.5

PhyloP100

7.8

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.51

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-7.8

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.98

Sift

Uncertain

0.0010

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0010

Polyphen

1.0

Vest4

0.97

MVP

1.0

MPC

0.52

ClinPred

0.98

GERP RS

5.2

Varity_R

0.96

gMVP

0.98

Mutation Taster

=1/99

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.010

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

You must be logged in to view publications. This limit was set because tens of millions (!) of queries from AI bots are generated daily.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Variant Effect in Transcripts

RefSeq Transcripts

Ensembl Transcripts

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions as Germline

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over