chr18-23556454-C-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points: 5P and 2B. PM1PM5PP2BP4_Moderate

The NM_000271.5(NPC1):c.1115G>A(p.Arg372Gln) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000452 in 1,614,102 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 17/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R372W) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000072 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000042 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

NPC1
NM_000271.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:7

Conservation

PhyloP100: -0.520

Publications

9 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

NPC1 (HGNC:7897): (NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1) This gene encodes a large protein that resides in the limiting membrane of endosomes and lysosomes and mediates intracellular cholesterol trafficking via binding of cholesterol to its N-terminal domain. It is predicted to have a cytoplasmic C-terminus, 13 transmembrane domains, and 3 large loops in the lumen of the endosome - the last loop being at the N-terminus. This protein transports low-density lipoproteins to late endosomal/lysosomal compartments where they are hydrolized and released as free cholesterol. Defects in this gene cause Niemann-Pick type C disease, a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by over accumulation of cholesterol and glycosphingolipids in late endosomal/lysosomal compartments.[provided by RefSeq, Aug 2009]

NPC1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Niemann-Pick disease, type C1
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: ClinGen, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, Genomics England PanelApp, Myriad Women’s Health
Niemann-Pick disease type C, adult neurologic onset
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
Niemann-Pick disease type C, juvenile neurologic onset
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
Niemann-Pick disease type C, late infantile neurologic onset
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
Niemann-Pick disease type C, severe early infantile neurologic onset
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
Niemann-Pick disease type C, severe perinatal form
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

NPC1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 6 uncertain in NM_000271.5

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr18-23556455-G-A is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 1066746.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 171 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 18 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 1.0917 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 1.706 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Niemann-Pick disease, type C1, Niemann-Pick disease type C, severe early infantile neurologic onset, Niemann-Pick disease type C, late infantile neurologic onset, Niemann-Pick disease type C, adult neurologic onset, Niemann-Pick disease type C, juvenile neurologic onset, Niemann-Pick disease type C, severe perinatal form.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.0688549).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
NPC1	NM_000271.5 link	c.1115G>A	p.Arg372Gln	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 25	ENST00000269228.10	NP_000262.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein
NPC1	ENST00000269228.10 link	c.1115G>A	p.Arg372Gln	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 25	1	NM_000271.5	ENSP00000269228.4
NPC1	ENST00000591051.1 link	c.395G>A	p.Arg132Gln	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 18	2		ENSP00000467636.1
NPC1	ENST00000540608.5 link	n.1029G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 6 of 16	2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000394

AC:

AN:

152124

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.000328

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000279

AC:

AN:

251192

AF XY:

0.0000516

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000264

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000424

AC:

AN:

1461860

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000481

AC XY:

AN XY:

727230

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44716

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0000252

AC:

AN:

39696

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000139

AC:

AN:

86250

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53420

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000396

AC:

AN:

1112000

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000828

AC:

AN:

60394

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.488

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000723

AC:

AN:

152242

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000537

AC XY:

AN XY:

74440

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41540

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000327

AC:

AN:

15286

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3468

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5178

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4824

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10604

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000147

AC:

AN:

68022

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00237

AC:

AN:

2114

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.483

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000302

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000116

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000576

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.00115

AC:

AN:

3478

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.000119

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:7

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Niemann-Pick disease, type C1

Uncertain:3

Aug 23, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with glutamine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 372 of the NPC1 protein (p.Arg372Gln). This variant is present in population databases (rs150053420, gnomAD 0.01%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with NPC1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 235775). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt NPC1 protein function. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may create or strengthen a splice site. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Sep 16, 2020

Natera, Inc.

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Oct 19, 2020

Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Based on the classification scheme VCGS_Germline_v1.3.3, this variant is classified as VUS-3C. Following criteria are met: 0102 - Loss of function is a known mechanism of disease in this gene and is associated with Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 and Niemann-Pick disease, type D (MIM#257220). (I) 0106 - This gene is associated with autosomal recessive disease. (I) 0200 - Variant is predicted to result in a missense amino acid change from arginine to glutamine. (I) 0251 - This variant is heterozygous. (I) 0304 - Variant is present in gnomAD (v2) <0.01 for a recessive condition (7 heterozygotes, 0 homozygotes). (SP) 0309 - An alternative amino acid change at the same position has been observed in gnomAD (v2) (4 heterozygotes, 0 homozygotes). (I) 0503 - Missense variant consistently predicted to be tolerated by multiple in silico tools or not conserved in placental mammals with a minor amino acid change. (SB) 0604 - Variant is not located in an established domain, motif, hotspot or informative constraint region. (I) 0705 - No comparable missense variants have previous evidence for pathogenicity. However, an alternative change with a stronger Grantham change (p.Arg372Trp) has been reported in several patients with Neimann-Pickmann disease (PMID: 16098014, PMID: 30820861). (I) 0809 - Previous evidence of pathogenicity for this variant is inconclusive. This variant has been reported as a VUS and been reviewed in several publications using in silico tools (ClinVar, PMID: 25764212, PMID: 30019023). (I) 0905 - No published segregation evidence has been identified for this variant. (I) 1007 - No published functional evidence has been identified for this variant. (I) 1208 - Inheritance information for this variant is not currently available in this individual. (I) Legend: (SP) - Supporting pathogenic, (I) - Information, (SB) - Supporting benign -

not provided

Uncertain:2

Jun 29, 2018

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jun 02, 2015

Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Inborn genetic diseases

Uncertain:1

Jan 12, 2022

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The c.1115G>A (p.R372Q) alteration is located in exon 8 (coding exon 8) of the NPC1 gene. This alteration results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 1115, causing the arginine (R) at amino acid position 372 to be replaced by a glutamine (Q). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

NPC1-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Sep 16, 2024

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

The NPC1 c.1115G>A variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Arg372Gln. To our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in the literature. This variant is reported in 0.013% of alleles in individuals of South Asian descent in gnomAD. At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.068

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.32

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.46

CADD

Benign

5.3

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.96

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.31

Eigen

Benign

-1.1

Eigen_PC

Benign

-1.1

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.36

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.91

M_CAP

Benign

0.018

MetaRNN

Benign

0.069

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.93

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.54

PhyloP100

-0.52

PrimateAI

Benign

0.20

PROVEAN

Benign

-0.65

REVEL

Benign

0.18

Sift

Benign

0.47

Sift4G

Benign

0.47

Polyphen

0.0010

Vest4

0.11

MVP

0.45

MPC

0.29

ClinPred

0.024

GERP RS

0.10

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.031

gMVP

0.35

Mutation Taster

=78/22

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.030

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over