chr19-38494579-G-A
Variant summary
Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 14 ACMG points: 14P and 0B. PS4PS3_ModeratePM1PP1_StrongPP3_Moderate
This summary comes from the ClinGen Evidence Repository: This pathogenicity assessment is relevant only for malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS) inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Variants in RYR1 can also cause other myopathies inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern or in an autosomal recessive pattern. Some of these disorders may predispose individuals to malignant hyperthermia. RYR1 variants may also contribute to a malignant hyperthermia reaction in combination with other genetic and non-genetic factors and the clinician needs to consider such factors in making management decisions.This sequence variant predicts a substitution of Valine with Methionine at codon 2168 of the RYR1 protein, p.(Val2168Met). This variant is not present in a large population database (gnomAD) at the time this variant was interpreted. This variant has been reported in over 25 unrelated individuals who have a personal or family history of a malignant hyperthermia reaction, over 25 of these individuals had a positive in vitro contracture test (IVCT) or caffeine halothane contracture test (CHCT) result (if the proband was unavailable for testing, a positive diagnostic test result in a mutation-positive relative was counted), PS4 (PMID:11668625; PMID:30236257; PMID:20681998 and others). Functional studies in human myotubes from nine individuals (5 families) showed an increased sensitivity to RYR1 agonists, PS3_Moderate (PMID:15299003). This variant resides in a region of RYR1 considered to be a hotspot for pathogenic variants that contribute to MHS, PM1 (PMID:21118704).This variant segregates with MHS eight individuals PP1_Strong (PMID:12434264, PMID:11575529). A REVEL score >0.85 (0.896)supports a pathogenic status for this variant, PP3_Moderate. This variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Criteria implemented: PS3_Moderate, PS4, PM1, PP1_Strong, PP3_Moderate. LINK:https://erepo.genome.network/evrepo/ui/classification/CA024603/MONDO:0007783/012
Frequency
Consequence
NM_000540.3 missense
Scores
Clinical Significance
Conservation
Publications
- malignant hyperthermia, susceptibility to, 1Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics
- congenital multicore myopathy with external ophthalmoplegiaInheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Genomics England PanelApp
- RYR1-related myopathyInheritance: AR, AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
- central core myopathyInheritance: AD, AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, Genomics England PanelApp
- King-Denborough syndromeInheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
- malignant hyperthermia of anesthesiaInheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
- autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathyInheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
- benign Samaritan congenital myopathyInheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
- congenital myopathy with myasthenic-like onsetInheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
- lethal multiple pterygium syndromeInheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
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ACMG classification
Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 14 ACMG points.
Transcripts
RefSeq
Ensembl
Frequencies
GnomAD3 genomes
GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000342 AC: 5AN: 1461778Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0AN XY: 727180 show subpopulations
Age Distribution
GnomAD4 genome
ClinVar
Submissions by phenotype
Malignant hyperthermia of anesthesia Pathogenic:2
Variant summary: RYR1 c.6502G>A (p.Val2168Met) results in a conservative amino acid change located in the RIH domain (IPR000699) of the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 250298 control chromosomes. c.6502G>A has been reported in the literature in multiple individuals affected with autosomal dominant Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptibility with evidence of familial co-segregation (e.g. Manning_1998, Girard_2001). These data indicate that the variant is very likely to be associated with disease. One publication reports experimental evidence showing altered calcium-induced calcium release in vitro, however, without evidence to confirm variant effect in skeletal muscle (e.g. Murayama_2016). The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 11673462, 9497245, 27586648). Five submitters have cited clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014. All submitters classified the variant as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -
The p.Val2168Met variant in RYR1 has been previously reported in >25 individuals with malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS), segregated in >10 affected family members, and was absent from large population studies (PMID, 19648156, 25466363, 11668625, 9497245, 30236257, 8010475, 29635721). In vitro functional studies showed that this variant results in an increased sensitivity to caffeine, as well as additional findings that indicate that this variant would result in a MHS phenotype (27586648, 12732639). Computational prediction tools and conservation analyses also suggest that this variant may impact the protein. In summary, this variant meets criteria to be classified as pathogenic for autosomal dominant malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. ACMG/AMP Criteria applied: PS4, PP1_Strong, PM2, PP3, PS3_Supporting. -
Central core myopathy Pathogenic:2
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PM2, PP2, PP3, PP5 -
not provided Pathogenic:1Other:1
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Malignant hyperthermia, susceptibility to, 1 Pathogenic:1Other:1
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This pathogenicity assessment is relevant only for malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS) inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Variants in RYR1 can also cause other myopathies inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern or in an autosomal recessive pattern. Some of these disorders may predispose individuals to malignant hyperthermia. RYR1 variants may also contribute to a malignant hyperthermia reaction in combination with other genetic and non-genetic factors and the clinician needs to consider such factors in making management decisions. This sequence variant predicts a substitution of Valine with Methionine at codon 2168 of the RYR1 protein, p.(Val2168Met). This variant is not present in a large population database (gnomAD) at the time this variant was interpreted. This variant has been reported in over 25 unrelated individuals who have a personal or family history of a malignant hyperthermia reaction, over 25 of these individuals had a positive in vitro contracture test (IVCT) or caffeine halothane contracture test (CHCT) result (if the proband was unavailable for testing, a positive diagnostic test result in a mutation-positive relative was counted), PS4 (PMID:11668625; PMID:30236257; PMID:20681998 and others). Functional studies in human myotubes from nine individuals (5 families) showed an increased sensitivity to RYR1 agonists, PS3_Moderate (PMID:15299003). This variant resides in a region of RYR1 considered to be a hotspot for pathogenic variants that contribute to MHS, PM1 (PMID: 21118704). This variant segregates with MHS eight individuals PP1_Strong (PMID:12434264, PMID:11575529). A REVEL score >0.85 (0.896)supports a pathogenic status for this variant, PP3_Moderate. This variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Criteria implemented: PS3_Moderate, PS4, PM1, PP1_Strong, PP3_Moderate. -
Congenital multicore myopathy with external ophthalmoplegia Pathogenic:1
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RYR1-related disorder Pathogenic:1
This sequence change replaces valine, which is neutral and non-polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 2168 of the RYR1 protein (p.Val2168Met). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individuals with malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (PMID: 9497245, 11668625, 19648156, 25466363). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 12976). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt RYR1 protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects RYR1 function (PMID: 11668625). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
methoxyflurane response - Toxicity Other:1
PharmGKB Level of Evidence 1A: Level 1A clinical annotations describe variant-drug combinations that have variant-specific prescribing guidance available in a current clinical guideline annotation or an FDA-approved drug label annotation. Annotations of drug labels or clinical guidelines must give prescribing guidance for specific variants (e.g. CYP2C9*3, HLA-B*57:01) or provide mapping from defined allele functions to diplotypes and phenotypes to be used as supporting evidence for a level 1A clinical annotation. Level 1A clinical annotations must also be supported by at least one publication in addition to a clinical guideline or drug label with variant-specific prescribing guidance. Drug-variant association: Toxicity
enflurane response - Toxicity Other:1
PharmGKB Level of Evidence 1A: Level 1A clinical annotations describe variant-drug combinations that have variant-specific prescribing guidance available in a current clinical guideline annotation or an FDA-approved drug label annotation. Annotations of drug labels or clinical guidelines must give prescribing guidance for specific variants (e.g. CYP2C9*3, HLA-B*57:01) or provide mapping from defined allele functions to diplotypes and phenotypes to be used as supporting evidence for a level 1A clinical annotation. Level 1A clinical annotations must also be supported by at least one publication in addition to a clinical guideline or drug label with variant-specific prescribing guidance. Drug-variant association: Toxicity
halothane response - Toxicity Other:1
PharmGKB Level of Evidence 1A: Level 1A clinical annotations describe variant-drug combinations that have variant-specific prescribing guidance available in a current clinical guideline annotation or an FDA-approved drug label annotation. Annotations of drug labels or clinical guidelines must give prescribing guidance for specific variants (e.g. CYP2C9*3, HLA-B*57:01) or provide mapping from defined allele functions to diplotypes and phenotypes to be used as supporting evidence for a level 1A clinical annotation. Level 1A clinical annotations must also be supported by at least one publication in addition to a clinical guideline or drug label with variant-specific prescribing guidance. Drug-variant association: Toxicity
desflurane response - Toxicity Other:1
PharmGKB Level of Evidence 1A: Level 1A clinical annotations describe variant-drug combinations that have variant-specific prescribing guidance available in a current clinical guideline annotation or an FDA-approved drug label annotation. Annotations of drug labels or clinical guidelines must give prescribing guidance for specific variants (e.g. CYP2C9*3, HLA-B*57:01) or provide mapping from defined allele functions to diplotypes and phenotypes to be used as supporting evidence for a level 1A clinical annotation. Level 1A clinical annotations must also be supported by at least one publication in addition to a clinical guideline or drug label with variant-specific prescribing guidance. Drug-variant association: Toxicity
succinylcholine response - Toxicity Other:1
PharmGKB Level of Evidence 1A: Level 1A clinical annotations describe variant-drug combinations that have variant-specific prescribing guidance available in a current clinical guideline annotation or an FDA-approved drug label annotation. Annotations of drug labels or clinical guidelines must give prescribing guidance for specific variants (e.g. CYP2C9*3, HLA-B*57:01) or provide mapping from defined allele functions to diplotypes and phenotypes to be used as supporting evidence for a level 1A clinical annotation. Level 1A clinical annotations must also be supported by at least one publication in addition to a clinical guideline or drug label with variant-specific prescribing guidance. Drug-variant association: Toxicity
sevoflurane response - Toxicity Other:1
PharmGKB Level of Evidence 1A: Level 1A clinical annotations describe variant-drug combinations that have variant-specific prescribing guidance available in a current clinical guideline annotation or an FDA-approved drug label annotation. Annotations of drug labels or clinical guidelines must give prescribing guidance for specific variants (e.g. CYP2C9*3, HLA-B*57:01) or provide mapping from defined allele functions to diplotypes and phenotypes to be used as supporting evidence for a level 1A clinical annotation. Level 1A clinical annotations must also be supported by at least one publication in addition to a clinical guideline or drug label with variant-specific prescribing guidance. Drug-variant association: Toxicity
isoflurane response - Toxicity Other:1
PharmGKB Level of Evidence 1A: Level 1A clinical annotations describe variant-drug combinations that have variant-specific prescribing guidance available in a current clinical guideline annotation or an FDA-approved drug label annotation. Annotations of drug labels or clinical guidelines must give prescribing guidance for specific variants (e.g. CYP2C9*3, HLA-B*57:01) or provide mapping from defined allele functions to diplotypes and phenotypes to be used as supporting evidence for a level 1A clinical annotation. Level 1A clinical annotations must also be supported by at least one publication in addition to a clinical guideline or drug label with variant-specific prescribing guidance. Drug-variant association: Toxicity
Computational scores
Source:
Splicing
Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at