chr19-50406299-C-A

Position:

• chr19-50406299-C-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Strong

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):​c.1360C>A​(p.Arg454Ser) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R454C) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: POLD1 NM_002691.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.51

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.945

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
POLD1	NM_002691.4	c.1360C>A	p.Arg454Ser	missense_variant	11/27	ENST00000440232.7

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
POLD1	ENST00000440232.7	c.1360C>A	p.Arg454Ser	missense_variant	11/27	1	NM_002691.4	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 36

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10 Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Aug 31, 2021

This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with POLD1-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This sequence change replaces arginine with serine at codon 454 of the POLD1 protein (p.Arg454Ser). The arginine residue is highly conserved and there is a moderate physicochemical difference between arginine and serine. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 819005). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Probably Damaging"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Dec 07, 2023

The p.R454S variant (also known as c.1360C>A), located in coding exon 10 of the POLD1 gene, results from a C to A substitution at nucleotide position 1360. The arginine at codon 454 is replaced by serine, an amino acid with dissimilar properties. This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.26	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.13
CADD	Pathogenic	28
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.63	D;.;.;D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.56
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.46
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.83	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.89	.;.;D;D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.24	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.94	D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.66	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.7	H;.;.;H
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.74	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-5.8	D;.;.;.
REVEL	Uncertain	0.42
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;.;.;.
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0010	D;D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;.;.;D
Vest4		0.88
MutPred		0.81		Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0031);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0031);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0031);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0031);
MVP		0.69
MPC		1.7
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		3.4
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.99
gMVP		0.97

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.050		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs906743894; hg19: chr19-50909556;