chr2-214781312-G-T

Variant names:

• chr2-214781312-G-T
• rs373249008
• NM_000465.4:c.562C>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_000465.4(BARD1):​c.562C>A​(p.Pro188Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000685 in 1,459,722 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 17/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. P188S) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.9e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: BARD1 NM_000465.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.18
• Publications: 3 publications found

Genes affected

BARD1 (HGNC:952): (BRCA1 associated RING domain 1) This gene encodes a protein which interacts with the N-terminal region of BRCA1. In addition to its ability to bind BRCA1 in vivo and in vitro, it shares homology with the 2 most conserved regions of BRCA1: the N-terminal RING motif and the C-terminal BRCT domain. The RING motif is a cysteine-rich sequence found in a variety of proteins that regulate cell growth, including the products of tumor suppressor genes and dominant protooncogenes. This protein also contains 3 tandem ankyrin repeats. The BARD1/BRCA1 interaction is disrupted by tumorigenic amino acid substitutions in BRCA1, implying that the formation of a stable complex between these proteins may be an essential aspect of BRCA1 tumor suppression. This protein may be the target of oncogenic mutations in breast or ovarian cancer. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

BARD1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• breast cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
• familial ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen
• hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.08520809).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
BARD1	NM_000465.4	c.562C>A	p.Pro188Thr	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 11	ENST00000260947.9	NP_000456.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
BARD1	ENST00000260947.9	c.562C>A	p.Pro188Thr	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 11	1	NM_000465.4	ENSP00000260947.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.85e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1459722 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 725806

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33390

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44470

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26086

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39676

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 85138

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53306

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5758

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 9.00e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1111576

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60322

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Sep 18, 2024

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This missense variant replaces proline with threonine at codon 188 of the BARD1 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with BARD1-related disorders in the literature. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Dec 24, 2014

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.P188T variant (also known as c.562C>A), located in coding exon 4 of the BARD1 gene, results from a C to A substitution at nucleotide position 562. The proline at codon 188 is replaced by threonine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This variant was not reported in population based cohorts in the following databases: Database of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (dbSNP), NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project (ESP), and 1000 Genomes Project. In the ESP, this variant was not observed in 6503 samples (13006 alleles) with coverage at this position. To date, this alteration has been detected with an allele frequency of approximately 0.003% (greater than 40,000 alleles tested) in our clinical cohort. Based on protein sequence alignment, this amino acid position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of p.P188T remains unclear. -

not provided Uncertain:1

May 27, 2014

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is denoted BARD1 c.562C>A at the cDNA level, p.Pro188Thr (P188T) at the protein level, and results in the change of a Proline to a Threonine (CCT>ACT). This variant has not, to our knowledge, been published in the literature as pathogenic or benign. BARD1 Pro188Thr was not observed in approximately 6,500 individuals of European and African American ancestry in the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, indicating it is not a common benign variant in these populations. Since Proline and Threonine differ in polarity, charge, size or other properties, this is considered a non-conservative amino acid substitution. BARD1 Pro188Thr occurs at a position that is moderately conserved through mammals and is not located in a known functional domain. In addition, in silico analyses predict that this variant is unlikely to alter protein structure or function. Based on currently available information, it is unclear whether BARD1 Pro188Thr is pathogenic or benign. We consider it to be a variant of uncertain significance. -

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

Jul 23, 2020

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces proline with threonine at codon 188 of the BARD1 protein (p.Pro188Thr). The proline residue is moderately conserved and there is a small physicochemical difference between proline and threonine. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function output the following: SIFT: "Tolerated"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0". The threonine amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, suggesting that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. These predictions have not been confirmed by published functional studies and their clinical significance is uncertain. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with BARD1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 182040). This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.062
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.17	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.48
CADD	Benign	17
DANN	Benign	0.59
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.16	T;.
Eigen	Benign	-0.85
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.83
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.65	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.63	T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.021	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.085	T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.96	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.6	L;.
PhyloP100		1.2
PrimateAI	Benign	0.28	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-2.1	N;.
REVEL	Benign	0.049
Sift	Benign	0.19	T;.
Sift4G	Benign	0.17	T;T
Polyphen		0.039	B;.
Vest4		0.13
MutPred		0.25		Gain of phosphorylation at P188 (P = 0.0163);.;
MVP		0.85
MPC		0.085
ClinPred		0.059	T
GERP RS		0.42
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		2.1
Varity_R		0.067
gMVP		0.12
Mutation Taster		=84/16	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs373249008; hg19: chr2-215646036;