chr2-38666190-G-C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points: 2P and 1B. PM2BP4

The NM_138801.3(GALM):c.29G>C(p.Gly10Ala) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000093 in 1,613,558 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000026 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000075 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

GALM
NM_138801.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.31

Variant links:

Genes affected

GALM (HGNC:24063): (galactose mutarotase) This gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the epimerization of hexose sugars such as glucose and galactose. The encoded protein is expressed in the cytoplasm and has a preference for galactose. The encoded protein may be required for normal galactose metabolism by maintaining the equilibrium of alpha and beta anomers of galactose.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

GALM links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.37515426).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GALM	NM_138801.3 link	c.29G>C	p.Gly10Ala	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 7	ENST00000272252.10	NP_620156.1	Q96C23A0A384MDW6
GALM	XM_011532540.3 link	c.29G>C	p.Gly10Ala	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 6		XP_011530842.1	Q96C23
GALM	XM_047443419.1 link	c.29G>C	p.Gly10Ala	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 6		XP_047299375.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GALM	ENST00000272252.10 link	c.29G>C	p.Gly10Ala	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 7	1	NM_138801.3	ENSP00000272252.5	Q96C23
GALM	ENST00000410063.5 link	c.29G>C	p.Gly10Ala	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 4	3		ENSP00000386233.1	B8ZZ75
GALM	ENST00000427858.4 link	n.110G>C		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 1 of 4	4
GALM	ENST00000444351.5 link	n.-53G>C		upstream_gene_variant		5		ENSP00000409083.1	H7C320

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000263

AC:

AN:

152180

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000770

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000480

AC:

AN:

250058

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000444

AC XY:

AN XY:

135208

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000654

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000753

AC:

AN:

1461378

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000825

AC XY:

AN XY:

727014

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.000277

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000263

AC:

AN:

152180

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74328

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.000770

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000712

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000113

ExAC

AF:

0.0000412

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:1

Oct 13, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change does not substantially affect GALM function (PMID: 30910422). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Possibly Damaging"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 1448953). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with GALM-related conditions. This variant is present in population databases (rs759116307, gnomAD 0.07%). This sequence change replaces glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, with alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 10 of the GALM protein (p.Gly10Ala). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.40

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.26

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.24

CADD

Uncertain

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.51

D;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.20

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.26

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.90

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.94

D;D

M_CAP

Benign

0.013

MetaRNN

Benign

0.38

T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.90

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.6

M;.

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.65

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-4.8

D;N

REVEL

Uncertain

0.32

Sift

Uncertain

0.023

D;T

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.035

D;D

Polyphen

0.98

D;.

Vest4

0.51

MutPred

0.69

Gain of helix (P = 0.0022);Gain of helix (P = 0.0022);

MVP

0.70

MPC

0.18

ClinPred

0.66

GERP RS

5.0

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.1

Varity_R

0.83

gMVP

0.84

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over