chr2-47414420-T-C

Variant names:

• chr2-47414420-T-C
• rs587779195
• NM_000251.3:c.942+2T>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PVS1_Moderate PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000251.3(MSH2):​c.942+2T>C variant causes a splice donor, intron change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 2/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 11)
• Consequence: MSH2 NM_000251.3 splice_donor, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 0.9946
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.70

Genes affected

MSH2 (HGNC:7325): (mutS homolog 2) This locus is frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). When cloned, it was discovered to be a human homolog of the E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS, consistent with the characteristic alterations in microsatellite sequences (RER+ phenotype) found in HNPCC. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, product NOT destroyed by NMD, known LOF gene, truncates exone, which is 0.053475935 fraction of the gene. No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal is inframe change.
• PP5: Variant 2-47414420-T-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-47414420-T-C is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 142750.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MSH2	NM_000251.3	c.942+2T>C		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 5 of 15	ENST00000233146.7	NP_000242.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MSH2	ENST00000233146.7	c.942+2T>C		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 5 of 15	1	NM_000251.3	ENSP00000233146.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 11

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 18

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 11

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Lynch syndrome 1 Pathogenic:1

Jul 28, 2023

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered pathogenic. This variant occurs within a consensus splice junction and is predicted to result in abnormal mRNA splicing of either an out-of-frame exon or an in-frame exon necessary for protein stability and/or normal function. Functional studies indicate this variant impacts protein function [PMID: 8062247]. -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Pathogenic:1

Apr 22, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change affects a donor splice site in intron 5 of the MSH2 gene. RNA analysis indicates that disruption of this splice site induces altered splicing and likely results in a shortened protein product. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). Disruption of this splice site has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of Lynch syndrome (PMID: 20591884, 21239990, 24278394). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 142750). Studies have shown disruption of this splice site is associated with skipping of exon 5, but one or more of the resulting mRNA isoform(s) may be naturally occurring (Invitae). This variant disrupts a region of the MSH2 protein in which other variant(s) (p.Leu310Pro) have been determined to be pathogenic (Invitae). This suggests that this is a clinically significant region of the protein, and that variants that disrupt it are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:1

Apr 01, 2019

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.942+2T>C intronic pathogenic mutation results from a T to C substitution two nucleotides after coding exon 5 in the MSH2 gene. While this pathogenic mutation has not been reported in the literature to date, two different pathogenic mutations at the same nucleotide position, c.942+2T>G and c.942+2T>A, have previously been reported in individuals with HNPCC (van der Post RS et al. J. Med. Genet. 2010 Jul;47(7):464-70; Parc Y et al. J. Med. Genet. 2003 Mar;40(3):208-13;De Lellis L et al. PLoS ONE 2013 ;8(11):e81194; Pastrello C et al. Genet. Med. 2011 Feb;13(2):115-24). The c.942+2T>C intronic pathogenic mutation has been detected in a family meeting Amsterdam criteria with correlating absent MSH2 staining on IHC (internal Ambry data). In addition to the clinical data presented in the literature, alterations that disrupt the canonical splice site are expected to cause aberrant splicing, resulting in an abnormal protein or a transcript that is subject to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is classified as a disease-causing mutation. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.63	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.30
CADD	Pathogenic	29
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.1
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.88
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	1.0	D
GERP RS		4.7

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	0.99
dbscSNV1_RF	Benign	0.62
SpliceAI score (max)		0.99		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		0.99		Position offset: -2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs587779195; hg19: chr2-47641559;