chr3-49099761-C-A

Variant names:

• chr3-49099761-C-A
• rs374178767
• NM_005051.3:c.1388G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Strong

The NM_005051.3(QARS1):​c.1388G>T​(p.Arg463Leu) variant causes a missense, splice region change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,682 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R463Q) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: QARS1 NM_005051.3 missense, splice_region
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.35
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

QARS1 (HGNC:9751): (glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase 1) Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. In metazoans, 9 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases specific for glutamine (gln), glutamic acid (glu), and 7 other amino acids are associated within a multienzyme complex. Although present in eukaryotes, glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (QARS) is absent from many prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, in which Gln-tRNA(Gln) is formed by transamidation of the misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln). Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

MIR6890 (HGNC:49990): (microRNA 6890) microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: Splicing predictors support a deleterious effect. Scorers claiming Pathogenic: dbscSNV1_ADA, dbscSNV1_RF, max_spliceai. No scorers claiming Uncertain. No scorers claiming Benign.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_005051.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	QARS1	NM_005051.3	MANE Select	c.1388G>T	p.Arg463Leu	missense splice_region	Exon 15 of 24	NP_005042.1	P47897-1
	QARS1	NM_001272073.2		c.1355G>T	p.Arg452Leu	missense splice_region	Exon 15 of 24	NP_001259002.1	P47897-2
	QARS1	NR_073590.2		n.1363G>T		splice_region non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 15 of 24

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	QARS1	ENST00000306125.12	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.1388G>T	p.Arg463Leu	missense splice_region	Exon 15 of 24	ENSP00000307567.6	P47897-1
	QARS1	ENST00000464962.6	TSL:1	c.953G>T	p.Arg318Leu	missense splice_region	Exon 14 of 23	ENSP00000489011.1	B4DDN1
	QARS1	ENST00000965966.1		c.1511G>T	p.Arg504Leu	missense splice_region	Exon 15 of 24	ENSP00000636025.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461682 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 35 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 727150

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26134

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86250

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53322

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5766

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 8.99e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1111912

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60394

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.98
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.23	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.090
CADD	Pathogenic	35
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.88	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.87
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.74
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.11	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.89	D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.12	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.4	M
PhyloP100		6.3
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.84	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.6	D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.48
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0030	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.84
MutPred		0.74		Loss of disorder (P = 0.0557)
MVP		0.62
MPC		1.2
ClinPred		0.98	D
GERP RS		4.4
PromoterAI		0.0021	Neutral
Varity_R		0.88
gMVP		0.90
Mutation Taster		=17/83	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.99
SpliceAI score (max)		0.65		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		0.65		Position offset: 0

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs374178767; hg19: chr3-49137194;