chr4-54729437-C-A

Position:

• chr4-54729437-C-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points: 3P and 2B. PM2 PP2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_000222.3(KIT):​c.2093C>A​(p.Ala698Glu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,416 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 15/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: KIT NM_000222.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.24

Genes affected

KIT (HGNC:6342): (KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) This gene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase. This gene was initially identified as a homolog of the feline sarcoma viral oncogene v-kit and is often referred to as proto-oncogene c-Kit. The canonical form of this glycosylated transmembrane protein has an N-terminal extracellular region with five immunoglobulin-like domains, a transmembrane region, and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain at the C-terminus. Upon activation by its cytokine ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), this protein phosphorylates multiple intracellular proteins that play a role in in the proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis of many cell types and thereby plays an important role in hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, melanogenesis, and in mast cell development, migration and function. This protein can be a membrane-bound or soluble protein. Mutations in this gene are associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mast cell disease, acute myelogenous leukemia, and piebaldism. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2020]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 1 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), KIT. . Gene score misZ 2.5806 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 4.1549 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with piebaldism, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, mastocytosis, cutaneous mastocytosis.
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.14215374).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
KIT	NM_000222.3	c.2093C>A	p.Ala698Glu	missense_variant	14/21	ENST00000288135.6	NP_000213.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
KIT	ENST00000288135.6	c.2093C>A	p.Ala698Glu	missense_variant	14/21	1	NM_000222.3	ENSP00000288135	P4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461416 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 726988

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 8.99e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

Alfa AF: 0.0000329 Hom.: 0

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Sep 21, 2022	In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Possibly Damaging"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 1059060). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with KIT-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with glutamic acid, which is acidic and polar, at codon 698 of the KIT protein (p.Ala698Glu). -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Mar 14, 2024	- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.13
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.066	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.33
CADD	Benign	19
DANN	Uncertain	0.98
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.38	.;T
Eigen	Benign	-0.57
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.57
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.73	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.81	T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.036	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.14	T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.68	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.47	.;N
MutationTaster	Benign	0.71	N;N
PrimateAI	Benign	0.45	T
PROVEAN	Benign	0.19	N;N
REVEL	Benign	0.19
Sift	Benign	0.62	T;T
Sift4G	Benign	1.0	T;T
Polyphen		0.71	P;B
Vest4		0.33
MutPred		0.45		.;Gain of glycosylation at Y703 (P = 0.0278);
MVP		0.76
MPC		1.1
ClinPred		0.36	T
GERP RS		1.1
Varity_R		0.10
gMVP		0.76

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.060		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs780329057; hg19: chr4-55595603; COSMIC: COSV55394429;