chr9-21971191-G-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 3 ACMG points: 4P and 1B. PM1PM2BP4

The NM_000077.5(CDKN2A):c.168C>A(p.Ser56Arg) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 10/17 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: not found (cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0 ( 0 hom. )

Failed GnomAD Quality Control

Consequence

CDKN2A
NM_000077.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 3.71

Variant links:

Genes affected

CDKN2A (HGNC:1787): (cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A) This gene generates several transcript variants which differ in their first exons. At least three alternatively spliced variants encoding distinct proteins have been reported, two of which encode structurally related isoforms known to function as inhibitors of CDK4 kinase. The remaining transcript includes an alternate first exon located 20 Kb upstream of the remainder of the gene; this transcript contains an alternate open reading frame (ARF) that specifies a protein which is structurally unrelated to the products of the other variants. This ARF product functions as a stabilizer of the tumor suppressor protein p53 as it can interact with, and sequester, the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MDM2, a protein responsible for the degradation of p53. In spite of the structural and functional differences, the CDK inhibitor isoforms and the ARF product encoded by this gene, through the regulatory roles of CDK4 and p53 in cell cycle G1 progression, share a common functionality in cell cycle G1 control. This gene is frequently mutated or deleted in a wide variety of tumors, and is known to be an important tumor suppressor gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2012]

CDKN2A links:

ENSG00000264545 (HGNC:):

ENSG00000264545 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 3 ACMG points.

PM1

In a repeat ANK 2 (size 28) in uniprot entity CDN2A_HUMAN there are 15 pathogenic changes around while only 3 benign (83%) in NM_000077.5

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.28538755).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CDKN2A	NM_000077.5 link	c.168C>A	p.Ser56Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 3	ENST00000304494.10	NP_000068.1	P42771-1K7PML8
CDKN2A	NM_058195.4 link	c.211C>A	p.Arg71Ser	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 3	ENST00000579755.2	NP_478102.2	Q8N726-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CDKN2A	ENST00000304494.10 link	c.168C>A	p.Ser56Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 3	1	NM_000077.5	ENSP00000307101.5		P42771-1
CDKN2A	ENST00000579755.2 link	c.211C>A	p.Arg71Ser	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 3	1	NM_058195.4	ENSP00000462950.1		Q8N726-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

Cov.:

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.00000455

AC:

AN:

219982

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

122536

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000101

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AC0

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1445236

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

719396

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

Cov.:

ExAC

AF:

0.00000836

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Jun 03, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.S56R variant (also known as c.168C>A), located in coding exon 2 of the CDKN2A gene, results from a C to A substitution at nucleotide position 168. The serine at codon 56 is replaced by arginine, an amino acid with dissimilar properties. This variant was detected in a cohort of 587 patients with either multiple or single primary melanomas who were sequenced for CDKN2A alterations (Bruno W et al. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2016 Feb;74:325-32). This variant was also detected in a cohort of 85 male breast cancer patients (Al Saati A et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2023 Sep;24). This amino acid position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear. -

Sep 02, 2018

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Melanoma and neural system tumor syndrome

Uncertain:1

Oct 03, 2023

Baylor Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Jan 27, 2022

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Identified in a patient with multiple primary melanomas (Bruno 2016); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 26775776) -

Familial melanoma

Uncertain:1

May 06, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The CDKN2A gene encodes two different proteins, p16INK4a and p14ARF, which are translated from alternative transcripts with different open reading frames. Both transcripts have been analyzed. We report either the variant with the higher classification or default to the CDKN2A (p16INK4a) variant. This report therefore includes the details for the CDKN2A (p16INK4a) variant. This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 56 of the CDKN2A (p16INK4a) protein (p.Ser56Arg). The frequency data for this variant in the population databases is considered unreliable, as metrics indicate poor data quality at this position in the gnomAD database. This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with multiple primary melanomas (PMID: 2677576). This variant is also known as c.211C>A (p.Arg71Ser) in the CDKN2A (p14ARF) transcript. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 236981). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. This variant disrupts the p.Ser56 amino acid residue in CDKN2A (p16INK4a). Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 9425228, 9516223, 12072543, 15150307, 15235029, 17492760, 20340136, 21462282, 22841127). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.86

BayesDel_addAF

Uncertain

0.074

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.13

CADD

Benign

DANN

Benign

0.91

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.050

T;T

Eigen

Benign

0.077

Eigen_PC

Benign

0.045

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.92

LIST_S2

Benign

0.46

.;T

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.13

MetaRNN

Benign

0.29

T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.85

PROVEAN

Benign

-2.1

.;N

REVEL

Benign

0.22

Sift

Benign

0.27

.;T

Sift4G

Benign

0.56

T;T

Vest4

0.25

MVP

0.99

ClinPred

0.73

GERP RS

3.6

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over