rs1064794571

chr1-12011521-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Moderate PP5

The NM_014874.4(MFN2):c.2230G>A(p.Glu744Lys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. E744G) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: MFN2 NM_014874.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:1 U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.56

Genes affected

MFN2 (HGNC:16877): (mitofusin 2) This gene encodes a mitochondrial membrane protein that participates in mitochondrial fusion and contributes to the maintenance and operation of the mitochondrial network. This protein is involved in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, and it may play a role in the pathophysiology of obesity. Mutations in this gene cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A2, and hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy VI, which are both disorders of the peripheral nervous system. Defects in this gene have also been associated with early-onset stroke. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 11 uncertain in NM_014874.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr1-12011523-G-C is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 941426.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant where missense usually causes diseases, MFN2
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.937
• PP5: Variant 1-12011521-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr1-12011521-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 420586.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Pathogenic=1, Uncertain_significance=1}. Variant chr1-12011521-G-A is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MFN2	NM_014874.4	c.2230G>A	p.Glu744Lys	missense_variant	19/19	ENST00000235329.10

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MFN2	ENST00000235329.10	c.2230G>A	p.Glu744Lys	missense_variant	19/19	1	NM_014874.4	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1 Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Jul 18, 2022

For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. This variant disrupts the p.Glu744 amino acid residue in MFN2. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (Invitae). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt MFN2 protein function. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 420586). This missense change has been observed in individuals with autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (PMID: 24863639; Invitae). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces glutamic acid, which is acidic and polar, with lysine, which is basic and polar, at codon 744 of the MFN2 protein (p.Glu744Lys). -

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided

provider interpretation

Inherited Neuropathy Consortium

-

- -

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Jan 27, 2017

The E744K variant has been previously reported in a Korean family with CMT2; however, no further information was provided regarding segregation and other causes of CMT were not ruled out (Choi et al., 2015). The E744K variant is not observed in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016; 1000 Genomes Consortium et al., 2015; Exome Variant Server). The E744K variant is a non-conservative amino acid substitution, which is likely to impact secondary protein structure as these residues differ in polarity, charge, size and/or other properties. This substitution occurs at a position that is conserved across species. In silico analysis predicts this variant is probably damaging to the protein structure/function. Missense variants in nearby residues have been reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database in association with CMT (Stenson et al., 2014), supporting the functional importance of this region of the protein. Based on the currently available information, it is unclear whether this variant is a pathogenic variant or a rare benign variant. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.92
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.52	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.50
Cadd	Pathogenic	29
Dann	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.87	D;D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.82
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.81
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.91	D;.
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.43	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.94	D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.4	M;M
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.86	D
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.3	D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.90
Sift	Uncertain	0.0040	D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.023	D;D
Polyphen		0.91	P;P
Vest4		0.89
MutPred		0.70		Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0037);Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0037);
MVP		0.97
MPC		0.84
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.3
Varity_R		0.88
gMVP		0.93

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.040		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1064794571; hg19: chr1-12071578;