rs1131691712

chr19-13286952-G-GA

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001127222.2(CACNA1A):c.3103_3104insT(p.Ser1035PhefsTer32) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. S1035S) has been classified as Likely benign. Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
• Consequence: CACNA1A NM_001127222.2 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.323

Genes affected

CACNA1A (HGNC:1388): (calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 A) Voltage-dependent calcium channels mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells, and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, and gene expression. Calcium channels are multisubunit complexes composed of alpha-1, beta, alpha-2/delta, and gamma subunits. The channel activity is directed by the pore-forming alpha-1 subunit, whereas, the others act as auxiliary subunits regulating this activity. The distinctive properties of the calcium channel types are related primarily to the expression of a variety of alpha-1 isoforms, alpha-1A, B, C, D, E, and S. This gene encodes the alpha-1A subunit, which is predominantly expressed in neuronal tissue. Mutations in this gene are associated with 2 neurologic disorders, familial hemiplegic migraine and episodic ataxia 2. This gene also exhibits polymorphic variation due to (CAG)n-repeats. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. In one set of transcript variants, the (CAG)n-repeats occur in the 3' UTR, and are not associated with any disease. But in another set of variants, an insertion extends the coding region to include the (CAG)n-repeats which encode a polyglutamine tract. Expansion of the (CAG)n-repeats from the normal 4-18 to 21-33 in the coding region is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia 6. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 19-13286952-G-GA is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr19-13286952-G-GA is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 429987.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
CACNA1A	NM_001127222.2	c.3103_3104insT	p.Ser1035PhefsTer32	frameshift_variant	20/47	ENST00000360228.11

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
CACNA1A	ENST00000360228.11	c.3103_3104insT	p.Ser1035PhefsTer32	frameshift_variant	20/47	1	NM_001127222.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 35

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Inborn genetic diseases Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Apr 28, 2016

- -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

May 04, 2017

The c.3106dupT variant in the CACNA1A gene has not been reported previously as a pathogenicvariant nor as a benign variant, to our knowledge. The c.3106dupT variant causes a frameshift startingwith codon Serine 1036, changes this amino acid to a Phenylalanine residue, and creates a prematureStop codon at position 32 of the new reading frame, denoted p.Ser1036PhefsX32. This variant ispredicted to cause loss of normal protein function either through protein truncation or nonsensemediatedmRNA decay. The c.3106dupT variant is not observed in large population cohorts (Lek etal., 2016; 1000 Genomes Consortium et al., 2015; Exome Variant Server). We interpret c.3106dupTas a pathogenic variant. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1131691712; hg19: chr19-13397766;