rs1135402773

Positions:

• chr19-11113360-C-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 7 ACMG points: 7P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP5

The NM_000527.5(LDLR):​c.1269C>G​(p.Ile423Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,698 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. I423T) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 29)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: LDLR NM_000527.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:1 U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.347

Genes affected

LDLR (HGNC:6547): (low density lipoprotein receptor) The low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene family consists of cell surface proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis of specific ligands. The encoded protein is normally bound at the cell membrane, where it binds low density lipoprotein/cholesterol and is taken into the cell. Lysosomes release the cholesterol, which is made available for repression of microsomal enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. At the same time, a reciprocal stimulation of cholesterol ester synthesis takes place. Mutations in this gene cause the autosomal dominant disorder, familial hypercholesterolemia. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

LDLR (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 7 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a repeat LDL-receptor class B 1 (size 41) in uniprot entity LDLR_HUMAN there are 61 pathogenic changes around while only 8 benign (88%) in NM_000527.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr19-11113359-T-C is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].
• PP5: Variant 19-11113360-C-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr19-11113360-C-G is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 431525.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Uncertain_significance=2, Likely_pathogenic=1}.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
LDLR	NM_000527.5	c.1269C>G	p.Ile423Met	missense_variant	9/18	ENST00000558518.6	NP_000518.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
LDLR	ENST00000558518.6	c.1269C>G	p.Ile423Met	missense_variant	9/18	1	NM_000527.5	ENSP00000454071.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 29

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251316 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000736 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 135908

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.0000616

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461698 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727154

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 29

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1 Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

Hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1 Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

research

Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, University of São Paulo

Mar 01, 2016

- -

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Jun 17, 2019

Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge; Not observed at a significant frequency in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016); In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports that this variant does not alter protein structure/function -

Cardiovascular phenotype Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Nov 28, 2022

The p.I423M variant (also known as c.1269C>G), located in coding exon 9 of the LDLR gene, results from a C to G substitution at nucleotide position 1269. The isoleucine at codon 423 is replaced by methionine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This amino acid position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.19
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.022	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.090
CADD	Benign	22
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.77	D;.;.;.;.;.
Eigen	Benign	0.068
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.026
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.86	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.93	D;D;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.46	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.64	D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.64	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.6	L;.;.;.;.;L
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.51	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-2.3	N;N;N;N;N;N
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.70
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D;D;D;D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0080	D;D;D;D;D;D
Polyphen		0.61	P;.;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.45
MutPred		0.48		Gain of disorder (P = 0.0431);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0431);.;.;.;Gain of disorder (P = 0.0431);
MVP		1.0
MPC		0.71
ClinPred		0.86	D
GERP RS		-0.24
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1
Varity_R		0.63
gMVP		0.98

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1135402773; hg19: chr19-11224036;