rs121434474

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM6PS3_SupportingPP3PS4_SupportingPM2_Supporting

This summary comes from the ClinGen Evidence Repository: The m.12147G>A variant in MT-TH has been reported in two unrelated probands with features of primary mitochondrial disease. Both individuals were males with symptom onset in late teens to early 20s, developed seizures, and had COX-negative fibers identified on muscle biopsy. One individual also had ragged red fibers, and complex I and IV deficiencies. Additional features seen include sensorineural hearing loss, optic atrophy, ptosis, migraines, ataxia, myoclonus, muscle weakness, hepatic failure consistent with Reye syndrome, lactic acidosis, and hyperCKemia. Heteroplasmy in the affected individuals ranged from 86% in muscle to undetectable in hair (PS4_supporting; PMIDs: 14967777, 15111688). This variant occurred de novo in one individual (absent in blood, urine, hair, and muscle from mother as well as two sisters, two maternal aunts, and two maternal uncles; PM6, PMID:15111688). The computational predictor MitoTIP suggests this variant is pathogenic (93.5 percentile) and HmtVAR predicts it to be pathogenic score of 1 (PP3). This variant is absent in the GenBank dataset, Helix dataset, and gnomAD v3.1.2 (PM2_supporting). Single fiber testing was performed in muscle fibers from both affected individuals, supporting the functional impact of this variant (PS3_supporting). In one individual, the mean heteroplasmy level in abnormal fibers was 90% ± 2% (n=22) and in normal fibers was 58% ± 6% (n=15; P = 0.007). Furthermore, in ragged red fibers, the mean heteroplasmy level was 94% (PMID:14967777). In the other individual, the mean heteroplasmy level in COX-deficient fibers was 94.6 ± 1.53% (n = 12) and in COX-positive fibers was 32.5 ± 6.18% (n = 10; p < 0.0001; PMID:15111688). In summary, this variant meets criteria to be classified as likely pathogenic for primary mitochondrial disease inherited in a mitochondrial manner. This classification was approved by the NICHD/NINDS U24 ClinGen Mitochondrial Disease Variant Curation Expert Panel on January 9, 2023. Mitochondrial DNA-specific ACMG/AMP criteria applied (PMID:32906214): PS4_supporting, PM6, PM2_supporting, PP3, PS3_supporting. LINK:https://erepo.genome.network/evrepo/ui/classification/CA120576/MONDO:0044970/014

Frequency

Mitomap GenBank:
Absent

Consequence

TRNH
unassigned_transcript_4812 missense

Scores

Mitotip
Pathogenic
19

Clinical Significance

Likely pathogenic reviewed by expert panel P:4O:1
MERRF-MELAS-/-Encephalopathy

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.27

Publications

1 publications found
Variant links:
Genes affected
TRNH (HGNC:7487): (mitochondrially encoded tRNA histidine)
MT-ND5 (HGNC:7461): (mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 5) Enables NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity. Involved in mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly. Part of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Implicated in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy; Leigh disease; and MELAS syndrome. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
MT-ND4 (HGNC:7459): (mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 4) Enables NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity. Involved in mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly. Part of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Implicated in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy; Parkinson's disease; macular degeneration; and schizophrenia. Biomarker of Alzheimer's disease. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
TRNL2 (HGNC:7491): (mitochondrially encoded tRNA leucine 2 (CUN))
TRNS2 (HGNC:7498): (mitochondrially encoded tRNA serine 2 (AGU/C))
TRNS2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):
  • mitochondrial disease
    Inheritance: Mitochondrial Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points.

PS3
For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
PS4
For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
PM2
For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
PM6
For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
PP3
For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene Transcript HGVSc HGVSp Effect Exon rank MANE Protein UniProt
TRNHunassigned_transcript_4812 c.10G>A p.Val4Ile missense_variant Exon 1 of 1
ND5unassigned_transcript_4815 c.-190G>A upstream_gene_variant
TRNL2unassigned_transcript_4814 c.-119G>A upstream_gene_variant

Ensembl

Gene Transcript HGVSc HGVSp Effect Exon rank TSL MANE Protein Appris UniProt
MT-ND5ENST00000361567.2 linkc.-190G>A upstream_gene_variant 6 ENSP00000354813.2 P03915
MT-ND4ENST00000361381.2 linkc.*10G>A downstream_gene_variant 6 ENSP00000354961.2 P03905

Frequencies

Mitomap GenBank
The variant is not present, suggesting it is rare.
Alfa
AF:
0.00
Hom.:
0

Mitomap

Disease(s): MERRF-MELAS-/-Encephalopathy
Status: Cfrm-[LP]
Publication(s): 16483543

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic
Submissions summary: Pathogenic:4Other:1
Revision: reviewed by expert panel
LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Mitochondrial disease Pathogenic:2
May 04, 2022
Mendelics
Significance:Pathogenic
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jan 09, 2023
ClinGen Mitochondrial Disease Nuclear and Mitochondrial Variant Curation Expert Panel, ClinGen
Significance:Likely pathogenic
Review Status:reviewed by expert panel
Collection Method:curation

The m.12147G>A variant in MT-TH has been reported in two unrelated probands with features of primary mitochondrial disease. Both individuals were males with symptom onset in late teens to early 20s, developed seizures, and had COX-negative fibers identified on muscle biopsy. One individual also had ragged red fibers, and complex I and IV deficiencies. Additional features seen include sensorineural hearing loss, optic atrophy, ptosis, migraines, ataxia, myoclonus, muscle weakness, hepatic failure consistent with Reye syndrome, lactic acidosis, and hyperCKemia. Heteroplasmy in the affected individuals ranged from 86% in muscle to undetectable in hair (PS4_supporting; PMIDs: 14967777, 15111688). This variant occurred de novo in one individual (absent in blood, urine, hair, and muscle from mother as well as two sisters, two maternal aunts, and two maternal uncles; PM6, PMID: 15111688). The computational predictor MitoTIP suggests this variant is pathogenic (93.5 percentile) and HmtVAR predicts it to be pathogenic score of 1 (PP3). This variant is absent in the GenBank dataset, Helix dataset, and gnomAD v3.1.2 (PM2_supporting). Single fiber testing was performed in muscle fibers from both affected individuals, supporting the functional impact of this variant (PS3_supporting). In one individual, the mean heteroplasmy level in abnormal fibers was 90% ± 2% (n=22) and in normal fibers was 58% ± 6% (n=15; P = 0.007). Furthermore, in ragged red fibers, the mean heteroplasmy level was 94% (PMID: 14967777). In the other individual, the mean heteroplasmy level in COX-deficient fibers was 94.6 ± 1.53% (n = 12) and in COX-positive fibers was 32.5 ± 6.18% (n = 10; p < 0.0001; PMID: 15111688). In summary, this variant meets criteria to be classified as likely pathogenic for primary mitochondrial disease inherited in a mitochondrial manner. This classification was approved by the NICHD/NINDS U24 ClinGen Mitochondrial Disease Variant Curation Expert Panel on January 9, 2023. Mitochondrial DNA-specific ACMG/AMP criteria applied (PMID: 32906214): PS4_supporting, PM6, PM2_supporting, PP3, PS3_supporting. -

MELAS syndrome Pathogenic:1Other:1
Jul 12, 2019
Wong Mito Lab, Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine
Significance:Pathogenic
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

The NC_012920.1:m.12147G>A variant in MT-TH gene is interpreted to be a Pathogenic variant based on the modified ACMG guidelines (unpublished). This variant meets the following evidence codes reported in the guidelines: PS3, PM7, PM8, PM9 -

-
GeneReviews
Significance:not provided
Review Status:no classification provided
Collection Method:literature only

- -

MERRF/MELAS overlap syndrome Pathogenic:1
Apr 27, 2004
OMIM
Significance:Pathogenic
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:literature only

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
Mitotip
Pathogenic
19
Hmtvar
Pathogenic
1.0
PhyloP100
6.3

Publications

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs121434474; hg19: chrM-12148; API