rs137852211

Positions:

• chrX-132085992-A-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 14 ACMG points: 14P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Strong PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_194277.3(FRMD7):​c.425T>G​(p.Leu142Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000917 in 1,090,293 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. There are no hemizygote samples in GnomAD. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 22)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 9.2e-7 (0 hom. 0 hem.)
• Consequence: FRMD7 NM_194277.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 8.95

Genes affected

FRMD7 (HGNC:8079): (FERM domain containing 7) Predicted to enable guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of neuron projection development. Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including negative regulation of stress fiber assembly; positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly; and positive regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction. Located in cytosol; nucleoplasm; and plasma membrane. Implicated in congenital nystagmus 1. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 14 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.99
• PP5: Variant X-132085992-A-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chrX-132085992-A-C is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 10788.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
FRMD7	NM_194277.3	c.425T>G	p.Leu142Arg	missense_variant	6/12	ENST00000298542.9	NP_919253.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
FRMD7	ENST00000298542.9	c.425T>G	p.Leu142Arg	missense_variant	6/12	1	NM_194277.3	ENSP00000298542	P1
FRMD7	ENST00000464296.1	c.380T>G	p.Leu127Arg	missense_variant	6/12	1		ENSP00000417996
FRMD7	ENST00000370879.5	c.65T>G	p.Leu22Arg	missense_variant	2/8	1		ENSP00000359916

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 22

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000545 AC: 1 AN: 183350 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 67832

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000122

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 9.17e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1090293 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 29 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 355913

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000120

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 22

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Nystagmus 1, congenital, X-linked Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Nov 29, 2007	- -
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Clinical Genomics Laboratory, Washington University in St. Louis	Aug 02, 2023	The FRMD7 c.425T>G (p.Leu142Arg) variant has been reported in three unrelated families affected with nystagmus, and is reported to segregate with disease in two of these families (Tarpey P et al., PMID: 17013395; Shiels A et al., PMID: 18087240). This variant is only observed on 1/183,350 alleles in the general population (gnomAD v.2.1.1), indicating it is not a common variant. Computational predictors suggest that the variant is damaging, evidence that correlates with impact to FRMD7 function. This variant has been submitted to ClinVar as pathogenic by one laboratory (Variation ID: 10788). Based on available information, and based on ACMG/AMP guidelines for variant interpretation (Richards S et al., PMID: 25741868), this variant is classified as likely pathogenic. -

not provided Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Oct 09, 2023	This sequence change replaces leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 142 of the FRMD7 protein (p.Leu142Arg). This variant is present in population databases (rs137852211, gnomAD 0.001%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with X-linked congenital nystagmus (PMID: 17013395, 18087240). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 10788). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Sep 25, 2024	In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 21904664, 18087240, 17013395) -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.91
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.52	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.51
CADD	Pathogenic	27
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.68	.;D;.
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.82	T;T;T
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.90	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.59	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.5	.;H;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	A;A;A
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.56	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-5.4	D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.90
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0010	D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	.;D;D
Vest4		0.96
MutPred		0.87		.;Gain of disorder (P = 0.026);.;
MVP		0.98
MPC		1.1
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.9
Varity_R		0.98
gMVP		0.97

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.030		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs137852211; hg19: chrX-131220020;