rs137852583

Positions:

• chrX-67711680-G-A
• chrX-67711680-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 4 ACMG points: 4P and 0B. PM1 PM2

The NM_000044.6(AR):​c.2164G>A​(p.Ala722Thr) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 23)
• Consequence: AR NM_000044.6 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:1 U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.66

Genes affected

AR (HGNC:644): (androgen receptor) The androgen receptor gene is more than 90 kb long and codes for a protein that has 3 major functional domains: the N-terminal domain, DNA-binding domain, and androgen-binding domain. The protein functions as a steroid-hormone activated transcription factor. Upon binding the hormone ligand, the receptor dissociates from accessory proteins, translocates into the nucleus, dimerizes, and then stimulates transcription of androgen responsive genes. This gene contains 2 polymorphic trinucleotide repeat segments that encode polyglutamine and polyglycine tracts in the N-terminal transactivation domain of its protein. Expansion of the polyglutamine tract from the normal 9-34 repeats to the pathogenic 38-62 repeats causes spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA, also known as Kennedy's disease). Mutations in this gene are also associated with complete androgen insensitivity (CAIS). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2017]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 4 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 6 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 3 uncertain in NM_000044.6
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
AR	NM_000044.6	c.2164G>A	p.Ala722Thr	missense_variant	4/8	ENST00000374690.9
AR	NM_001011645.3	c.568G>A	p.Ala190Thr	missense_variant	5/9

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
AR	ENST00000374690.9	c.2164G>A	p.Ala722Thr	missense_variant	4/8	1	NM_000044.6	P1
AR	ENST00000396044.8	c.2164G>A	p.Ala722Thr	missense_variant	4/5	1
AR	ENST00000396043.4	c.*512G>A		3_prime_UTR_variant, NMD_transcript_variant	5/9	1
AR	ENST00000612452.5	c.2164G>A	p.Ala722Thr	missense_variant, NMD_transcript_variant	4/9	5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 23

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 23

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1 Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Prostate cancer, somatic Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

OMIM

May 25, 1995

- -

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Aug 01, 2024

Variant summary: AR c.2164G>A (p.Ala722Thr) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the Nuclear hormone receptor, ligand-binding domain (IPR000536) of the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 171949 control chromosomes. The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.2164G>A in individuals affected with Androgen Resistance Syndrome and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 9836). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Androgen resistance syndrome;C1839259:Kennedy disease Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Jan 12, 2024

This sequence change replaces alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with threonine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 722 of the AR protein (p.Ala722Thr). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with AR-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 9836). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) has been performed at Invitae for this missense variant, however the output from this modeling did not meet the statistical confidence thresholds required to predict the impact of this variant on AR protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.55
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.21	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.070
CADD	Pathogenic	27
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.068	T;.;.;.
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.96	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.89	D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.42	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.60	D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.96	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	A;A;A
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.76	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.9	.;N;N;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.71
Sift	Uncertain	0.0020	.;D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.046	D;D;T;T
Vest4		0.46
MVP		0.97
MPC		1.2
ClinPred		0.93	D
GERP RS		5.2
Varity_R		0.95
gMVP		0.84

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs137852583; hg19: chrX-66931522; COSMIC: COSV65960348;