rs139694927

Variant names:

• chr4-54738493-G-A
• rs139694927
• NM_000222.3:c.2867G>A

Your query was ambiguous. Multiple possible variants found:

• chr4-54738493-G-A
• chr4-54738493-G-C
• chr4-54738493-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -4 ACMG points: 1P and 5B. PP2 BS1_Supporting BS2

The NM_000222.3(KIT):​c.2867G>A​(p.Arg956Gln) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000104 in 1,613,952 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.000072 (0 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.00011 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: KIT NM_000222.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:6 B:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 8.64

Genes affected

KIT (HGNC:6342): (KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) This gene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase. This gene was initially identified as a homolog of the feline sarcoma viral oncogene v-kit and is often referred to as proto-oncogene c-Kit. The canonical form of this glycosylated transmembrane protein has an N-terminal extracellular region with five immunoglobulin-like domains, a transmembrane region, and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain at the C-terminus. Upon activation by its cytokine ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), this protein phosphorylates multiple intracellular proteins that play a role in in the proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis of many cell types and thereby plays an important role in hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, melanogenesis, and in mast cell development, migration and function. This protein can be a membrane-bound or soluble protein. Mutations in this gene are associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mast cell disease, acute myelogenous leukemia, and piebaldism. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2020]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -4 ACMG points.

• PP2: Missense variant in the KIT gene, where missense mutations are typically associated with disease (based on misZ statistic). The gene has 54 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 7 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 2.5806 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 4.1549 (above the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to piebaldism, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, mastocytosis, cutaneous mastocytosis.
• BS1: Variant frequency is greater than expected in population nfe. gnomad4_exome allele frequency = 0.000107 (157/1461830) while in subpopulation NFE AF= 0.00012 (133/1111962). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.000103. There are 0 homozygotes in gnomad4_exome. There are 75 alleles in male gnomad4_exome subpopulation. Median coverage is 31. This position pass quality control queck. Existence of Clinvar submissions makes me limit the strength of this signal to Supporting
• BS2: High AC in GnomAd4 at 11 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
KIT	NM_000222.3	c.2867G>A	p.Arg956Gln	missense_variant	Exon 21 of 21	ENST00000288135.6	NP_000213.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
KIT	ENST00000288135.6	c.2867G>A	p.Arg956Gln	missense_variant	Exon 21 of 21	1	NM_000222.3	ENSP00000288135.6

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.0000723 AC: 11 AN: 152122 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.0000483

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.000193

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.000103

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.000478

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.0000597 AC: 15 AN: 251264 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.0000957 AC XY: 13 AN XY: 135806

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.0000615

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.000109

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.0000980

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000792

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.000107 AC: 157 AN: 1461830 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.000103 AC XY: 75 AN XY: 727208

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.0000756

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000927

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.000120

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.000182

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.0000723 AC: 11 AN: 152122 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.0000673 AC XY: 5 AN XY: 74302

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.0000483

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.000193

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.000103

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.000478

Alfa AF: 0.0000671 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.0000756

TwinsUK AF: 0.00 AC: 0

ALSPAC AF: 0.000778 AC: 3

ESP6500AA AF: 0.000227 AC: 1

ESP6500EA AF: 0.000116 AC: 1

ExAC AF: 0.0000741 AC: 9

EpiCase AF: 0.000109

EpiControl AF: 0.000178

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:6 Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:3

May 01, 2024

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Aug 11, 2023

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 32608199) -

Nov 03, 2021

Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital TU Dresden, University Hospital TU Dresden

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Uncertain:2

Nov 13, 2023

St. Jude Molecular Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The KIT c.2867G>A (p.Arg956Gln) missense change has a maximum subpopulation frequency of 0.015% in gnomAD v2.1.1 (https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/). The in silico tool REVEL is inconclusive about a pathogenic or benign effect of this variant on protein function, and to our knowledge functional studies have not been performed. To our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in individuals with KIT-related gastrointestinal stromal tumor. In summary, the evidence currently available is insufficient to determine the clinical significance of this variant. It has therefore been classified as of uncertain significance. -

Feb 03, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with glutamine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 956 of the KIT protein (p.Arg956Gln). This variant is present in population databases (rs139694927, gnomAD 0.02%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with KIT-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 409787). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Mar 31, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.2867G>A (p.R956Q) alteration is located in exon 21 (coding exon 21) of the KIT gene. This alteration results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 2867, causing the arginine (R) at amino acid position 956 to be replaced by a glutamine (Q). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

KIT-related disorder Benign:1

Nov 13, 2023

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is classified as likely benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.14
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.050	T
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	-0.080
CADD	Pathogenic	28
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.29	.;T
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.72
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.68
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.074	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.44	T;T
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.28	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.1	.;M
PrimateAI	Benign	0.48	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.1	N;N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.33
Sift	Uncertain	0.023	D;D
Sift4G	Benign	0.25	T;T
Polyphen		0.99	D;D
Vest4		0.50
MVP		0.83
MPC		1.4
ClinPred		0.24	T
GERP RS		5.7
Varity_R		0.18
gMVP		0.57

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs139694927; hg19: chr4-55604659; COSMIC: COSV55394097;