rs1554329317

Variant names:

• chr7-5528494-C-T
• rs1554329317
• NM_001101.5:c.589G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 17 ACMG points: 17P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP2 PP3_Strong PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001101.5(ACTB):​c.589G>A​(p.Gly197Ser) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: ACTB NM_001101.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.62
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

ACTB (HGNC:132): (actin beta) This gene encodes one of six different actin proteins. Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in cell motility, structure, integrity, and intercellular signaling. The encoded protein is a major constituent of the contractile apparatus and one of the two nonmuscle cytoskeletal actins that are ubiquitously expressed. Mutations in this gene cause Baraitser-Winter syndrome 1, which is characterized by intellectual disability with a distinctive facial appearance in human patients. Numerous pseudogenes of this gene have been identified throughout the human genome. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

ACTB Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Orphanet
• Baraitser-Winter syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp, PanelApp Australia, G2P
• developmental malformations-deafness-dystonia syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Orphanet, PanelApp Australia, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp, Illumina
• ACTB-associated syndromic thrombocytopenia

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen, Ambry Genetics

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 17 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 10 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 4 uncertain in NM_001101.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the ACTB gene, where missense mutations are typically associated with disease (based on misZ statistic). The gene has 94 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 13 curated benign missense variants. Trascript score misZ: 7.6852 (above the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Baraitser-Winter syndrome 1, developmental malformations-deafness-dystonia syndrome, Baraitser-Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome, ACTB-associated syndromic thrombocytopenia.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.965
• PP5: Variant 7-5528494-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr7-5528494-C-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 522017.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
ACTB	NM_001101.5	c.589G>A	p.Gly197Ser	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 6	ENST00000646664.1	NP_001092.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
ACTB	ENST00000646664.1	c.589G>A	p.Gly197Ser	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 6		NM_001101.5	ENSP00000494750.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 65

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Baraitser-Winter syndrome 1 Pathogenic:2

Nov 29, 2022

Laboratory of Medical Genetics, University of Torino

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: research

- -

May 15, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, with serine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 197 of the ACTB protein (p.Gly197Ser). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of ACTB-related conditions and/or clinical features of Baraitser-Winter syndrome (Invitae). In at least one individual the variant was observed to be de novo. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 522017). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) has been performed at Invitae for this missense variant, however the output from this modeling did not meet the statistical confidence thresholds required to predict the impact of this variant on ACTB protein function. In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. -

not provided Pathogenic:2

May 01, 2025

GeneDx

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Reported in heterozygous state in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorder in the published literature (PMID: 37500730); Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Missense variants in this gene are a common cause of disease and they are underrepresented in the general population; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25979418, 37500730) -

Oct 23, 2020

Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University Hospital Tübingen

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Inborn genetic diseases Pathogenic:1

Feb 09, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.589G>A (p.G197S) alteration is located in exon 4 (coding exon 3) of the ACTB gene. This alteration results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 589, causing the glycine (G) at amino acid position 197 to be replaced by a serine (S)._x000D_ _x000D_ for ACTB-related Baraitser-Winter syndrome; however, its clinical significance for ACTB-related pleiotropic malformation syndrome is uncertain. This variant was not reported in population-based cohorts in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). This variant has been determined to be the result of a de novo mutation in an individual with features consistent with ACTB-related Baraitser-Winter syndrome (Ambry internal data). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. The p.G197S amino acid is located in the actin domain and is more disruptive than nearby known pathogenic variants (Han, 2015). Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. This alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Based on the available evidence, this alteration is classified as likely pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.98
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.38	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.31
CADD	Pathogenic	31
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.92	D;D;D;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.44
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.51
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.95	.;.;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.51	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.96	D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.83	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.4	M;M;M;.;.
PhyloP100		7.6
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.88	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-4.7	D;.;.;.;.
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.89
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.030	D;.;.;.;.
Polyphen		0.0030	B;B;B;.;.
Vest4		0.88
MutPred		0.85		Gain of phosphorylation at G197 (P = 0.0657);Gain of phosphorylation at G197 (P = 0.0657);Gain of phosphorylation at G197 (P = 0.0657);.;.;
MVP		0.95
MPC		2.7
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.5
PromoterAI		0.027	Neutral
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1
Varity_R		0.97
gMVP		0.94
Mutation Taster		=15/85	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1554329317; hg19: chr7-5568125; COSMIC: COSV100079626; COSMIC: COSV100079626;