rs28942104

Positions:

chr18-23536811-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PM1PM2PM5PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000271.5(NPC1):c.3107C>T(p.Thr1036Met) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000106 in 1,614,044 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. T1036K) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00011 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

NPC1
NM_000271.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:7U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.68

Variant links:

Genes affected

NPC1 (HGNC:7897): (NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1) This gene encodes a large protein that resides in the limiting membrane of endosomes and lysosomes and mediates intracellular cholesterol trafficking via binding of cholesterol to its N-terminal domain. It is predicted to have a cytoplasmic C-terminus, 13 transmembrane domains, and 3 large loops in the lumen of the endosome - the last loop being at the N-terminus. This protein transports low-density lipoproteins to late endosomal/lysosomal compartments where they are hydrolized and released as free cholesterol. Defects in this gene cause Niemann-Pick type C disease, a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by over accumulation of cholesterol and glycosphingolipids in late endosomal/lysosomal compartments.[provided by RefSeq, Aug 2009]

NPC1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

PM1

In a strand (size 9) in uniprot entity NPC1_HUMAN there are 4 pathogenic changes around while only 0 benign (100%) in NM_000271.5

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chrnull-null-null-null is described in UniProt as null.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.979

PP5

Variant 18-23536811-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr18-23536811-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 2958.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr18-23536811-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
NPC1	NM_000271.5 linkuse as main transcript	c.3107C>T	p.Thr1036Met	missense_variant	21/25	ENST00000269228.10	NP_000262.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
NPC1	ENST00000269228.10 linkuse as main transcript	c.3107C>T	p.Thr1036Met	missense_variant	21/25	1	NM_000271.5	ENSP00000269228	P1	O15118-1
NPC1	ENST00000591051.1 linkuse as main transcript	c.2186C>T	p.Thr729Met	missense_variant	14/18	2		ENSP00000467636
NPC1	ENST00000591075.1 linkuse as main transcript	n.740C>T		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	3/3	4
NPC1	ENST00000591955.1 linkuse as main transcript	n.450C>T		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	2/2	4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152184

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000441

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000278

AC:

AN:

251438

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000294

AC XY:

AN XY:

135898

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000615

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000115

AC:

168

AN:

1461860

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000110

AC XY:

AN XY:

727238

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.000148

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000331

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152184

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74322

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000441

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000835

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000302

TwinsUK

AF:

0.00

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.000259

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000330

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.00

EpiControl

AF:

0.000119

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:7Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Niemann-Pick disease, type C1

Pathogenic:6

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Natera, Inc.	Sep 16, 2020	- -
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	literature only	Counsyl	Jul 18, 2014	- -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Jul 11, 1997	- -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Genomics England Pilot Project, Genomics England	-	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute	Oct 19, 2020	Based on the classification scheme VCGS_Germline_v1.3.3, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. Following criteria are met: 0102 - Loss of function is a known mechanism of disease in this gene and is associated with Niemann-Pick disease (MIM#257220). (I) 0106 - This gene is associated with autosomal recessive disease. (I) 0200 - Variant is predicted to result in a missense amino acid change from threonine to methionine. (I) 0251 - This variant is heterozygous. (I) 0304 - Variant is present in gnomAD <0.01 for a recessive condition (8 heterozygotes, 0 homozygote). (SP) 0309 - An alternative amino acid change at the same position has been observed in gnomAD (v2.1.1) (2 heterozygotes, 0 homozygotes). (I) 0501 - Missense variant consistently predicted to be damaging by multiple in silico tools or highly conserved with a major amino acid change. (SP) 0602 - Variant is located in a hotspot region or cluster of pathogenic variants within the Lumen cystein rich domain (PMID: 16126423, PMID: 32138288). (SP) 0801 - This variant has strong previous evidence of pathogenicity in unrelated individuals with Niemann-Pick disease, type C1 (ClinVar, PMID:9211849, PMID:19744920, PMID:22676771, PMID:26666848, PMID:28222799). (SP) 1010 - Functional evidence for this variant is inconclusive; NPC1 protein from patient fibroblast cells (compound heterozygous for this variant and p.(Pro1007Ala)) were shown to be mis-folded and displayed diminished function (PMID: 23653225). (I) 0703 - Other missense variants (p.(Thr1036Lys); p.(Thr1036Ala)) comparable to the one identified in this case have moderate previous evidence for pathogenicity (PMID:16098014, PMID:32138288). (SP) 1205 - This variant has been shown to be maternally inherited in her son (reported by Invitae #RQ745246). (I) Legend: (SP) – Supporting pathogenic, (I) – Information, (SB) – Supporting benign -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Jan 24, 2024	This sequence change replaces threonine, which is neutral and polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 1036 of the NPC1 protein (p.Thr1036Met). This variant is present in population databases (rs28942104, gnomAD 0.006%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with Niemann-Pick Type C disease (PMID: 9211849, 12955717, 17160617, 26666848, 28222799; Invitae). In at least one individual the data is consistent with being in trans (on the opposite chromosome) from a pathogenic variant. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 2958). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt NPC1 protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects NPC1 function (PMID: 23593294). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Niemann-Pick disease, type C

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Dec 04, 2017

Variant summary: The NPC1 c.3107C>T (p.Thr1036Met) variant involves the alteration of a highly conserved nucleotide. 4/4 in silico tools used predict a damaging outcome for this variant. This variant was found in 8/277208 control chromosomes at a frequency of 0.000029, which does not exceed the estimated maximal expected allele frequency of a pathogenic NPC1 variant (0.0028). The variant was identified in multiple affected individuals homozygously or in compound heterozygosity with clinically and biochemically confirmed Niemann-Pick C1 disease and is classified as Pathogenic by multiple clinical diagnostic laboratories/reputable databases. Taken together, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, flagged submission

clinical testing

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Aug 14, 2014

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.51

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.36

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.46

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.81

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.81

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.74

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.97

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.63

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.98

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.0

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.9

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

A;A

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.61

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-4.5

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.87

Sift

Uncertain

0.0010

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0030

Polyphen

1.0

Vest4

0.81

MutPred

0.84

Loss of loop (P = 0.0986);

MVP

0.98

MPC

0.93

ClinPred

0.94

GERP RS

5.9

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.58

gMVP

0.94

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over