rs61752871

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points: 16P and 0B. PM1PM2PM5PP3_ModeratePP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000329.3(RPE65):c.271C>T(p.Arg91Trp) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000731 in 1,614,078 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R91Q) has been classified as Pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000072 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000073 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

RPE65
NM_000329.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:15O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 3.08

Variant links:

Genes affected

RPE65 (HGNC:10294): (retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65) The protein encoded by this gene is a component of the vitamin A visual cycle of the retina which supplies the 11-cis retinal chromophore of the photoreceptors opsin visual pigments. It is a member of the carotenoid cleavage oxygenase superfamily. All members of this superfamily are non-heme iron oxygenases with a seven-bladed propeller fold and oxidatively cleave carotenoid carbon:carbon double bonds. However, the protein encoded by this gene has acquired a divergent function that involves the concerted O-alkyl ester cleavage of its all-trans retinyl ester substrate and all-trans to 11-cis double bond isomerization of the retinyl moiety. As such, it performs the essential enzymatic isomerization step in the synthesis of 11-cis retinal. Mutations in this gene are associated with early-onset severe blinding disorders such as Leber congenital. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2017]

RPE65 links:

LOC124904198 (HGNC:):

LOC124904198 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 8 uncertain in NM_000329.3

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr1-68444857-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 98857.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.857

PP5

Variant 1-68444858-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr1-68444858-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 13115.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr1-68444858-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chr1-68444858-G-A is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic]. Variant chr1-68444858-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chr1-68444858-G-A is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
RPE65	NM_000329.3 linkuse as main transcript	c.271C>T	p.Arg91Trp	missense_variant	4/14	ENST00000262340.6
LOC124904198	XR_007066164.1 linkuse as main transcript	n.72-3674G>A		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
RPE65	ENST00000262340.6 linkuse as main transcript	c.271C>T	p.Arg91Trp	missense_variant	4/14	1	NM_000329.3	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000657

AC:

AN:

152104

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000121

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000385

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000441

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000557

AC:

AN:

251212

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000147

AC XY:

AN XY:

135786

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000370

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000109

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000352

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000732

AC:

107

AN:

1461856

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000660

AC XY:

AN XY:

727222

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.0000383

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.0000756

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000232

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.0000746

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000116

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000723

AC:

AN:

152222

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000672

AC XY:

AN XY:

74418

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.000145

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.000386

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000441

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.000148

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000121

TwinsUK

AF:

0.00

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.000259

AC:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.000454

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000824

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.00

EpiControl

AF:

0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:15Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Pathogenic:3Other:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen	May 01, 2023	RPE65: PM3:Very Strong, PM2, PM5, PP3 -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Revvity Omics, Revvity	Jan 13, 2023	- -
not provided, no classification provided	literature only	Retina International	-	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Jul 19, 2022	Published functional studies demonstrate a damaging effect with decreased enzyme activity, decreased protein expression, and accelerated degradation compared to wild type (Takahashi et al., 2006; Li et al., 2015); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 16205573, 16518657, 19117922, 17197551, 18936139, 9501220, 18682808, 18539930, 18722466, 11095629, 16505056, 18809924, 30268864, 19431183, 25257057, 25752820, 19854499, 17525851, 24997176, 21911650, 18774912, 10937591, 10766140, 17964524, 17933883, 21304899, 27874104, 26427430, 31054281, 31925606, 22334370, 16754667, 31273949) -

Leber congenital amaurosis 2;C3151086:Retinitis pigmentosa 20

Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Dec 16, 2023	This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with tryptophan, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 91 of the RPE65 protein (p.Arg91Trp). This variant is present in population databases (rs61752871, gnomAD 0.03%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with autosomal recessive RPE65-related conditions (PMID: 9501220, 10766140, 10937591, 11095629, 18682808, 26626312; Invitae). In at least one individual the data is consistent with being in trans (on the opposite chromosome) from a pathogenic variant. It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 13115). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt RPE65 protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects RPE65 function (PMID: 16754667, 25752820). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Sep 26, 2017	- -

Leber congenital amaurosis 2

Pathogenic:2

Likely pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	research	Laboratory of Genetics in Ophthalmology, Institut Imagine	-	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Aug 23, 2019	This variant was determined to be pathogenic according to ACMG Guidelines, 2015 [PMID:25741868]. -

Retinitis pigmentosa 20

Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	research	Ocular Genomics Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear	Apr 08, 2021	The RPE65 c.271C>T variant was identified in an individual with retinitis pigmentosa with a presumed recessive inheritance pattern. Through a review of available evidence we were able to apply the following criteria: PS3, PP1-S, PM2. Based on this evidence we have classified this variant as Pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Mar 17, 1998	- -

Autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University

Nov 22, 2016

- -

Abnormality of the eye

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Kariminejad - Najmabadi Pathology & Genetics Center

Jul 10, 2021

- -

Leber congenital amaurosis;C3151086:Retinitis pigmentosa 20;CN239301:RPE65-related disorder

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

research

UNC Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

The RPE65 c.271C>T (p.R91W) variant has been reported in the homozygous or compound heterozygous state in individuals with Leber congenital amaurosis, retinitis pigmentosa, or inherited retinal degeneration (PMID: 9501220; 10937591; 11095629; 18682808; 19117922; 21153841). -

Leber congenital amaurosis

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

Natera, Inc.

Sep 16, 2020

- -

Retinal dystrophy

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Blueprint Genetics

Jun 15, 2019

- -

Retinitis pigmentosa

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

research

Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet

Apr 01, 2018

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.89

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.26

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.45

Cadd

Pathogenic

Dann

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.93

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.69

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.62

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.92

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.18

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.86

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

0.94

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.6

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

PrimateAI

Pathogenic

0.85

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.1

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.85

Sift

Uncertain

0.012

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.014

Polyphen

1.0

Vest4

0.94

MVP

1.0

MPC

0.36

ClinPred

0.78

GERP RS

4.0

Varity_R

0.63

gMVP

0.83

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.22

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_AL_spliceai

0.22

Position offset: 25

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over