rs724159953

Positions:

• chr21-37505352-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001347721.2(DYRK1A):​c.1282C>T​(p.Arg428Ter) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: DYRK1A NM_001347721.2 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:8
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.84

Genes affected

DYRK1A (HGNC:3091): (dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A) This gene encodes a member of the Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) family. This member contains a nuclear targeting signal sequence, a protein kinase domain, a leucine zipper motif, and a highly conservative 13-consecutive-histidine repeat. It catalyzes its autophosphorylation on serine/threonine and tyrosine residues. It may play a significant role in a signaling pathway regulating cell proliferation and may be involved in brain development. This gene is a homolog of Drosophila mnb (minibrain) gene and rat Dyrk gene. It is localized in the Down syndrome critical region of chromosome 21, and is considered to be a strong candidate gene for learning defects associated with Down syndrome. Alternative splicing of this gene generates several transcript variants differing from each other either in the 5' UTR or in the 3' coding region. These variants encode at least five different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 21-37505352-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr21-37505352-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 162158.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr21-37505352-C-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
DYRK1A	NM_001347721.2	c.1282C>T	p.Arg428Ter	stop_gained	10/12	ENST00000647188.2	NP_001334650.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
DYRK1A	ENST00000647188.2	c.1282C>T	p.Arg428Ter	stop_gained	10/12		NM_001347721.2	ENSP00000494572	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:8

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome Pathogenic:4

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Jun 11, 2023	For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 162158). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with syndromic intellectual disability (PMID: 25920557, 28053047). In at least one individual the variant was observed to be de novo. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Arg437*) in the DYRK1A gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in DYRK1A are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 25944381). -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Sep 01, 2017	This nonsense mutation is categorized as deleterious according to ACMG guidelines (PMID:18414213). It was found in three unrelated probands in our laboratory, twice confirmed de novo. Patients showed intellectual disability, microcephaly, and two also dysmorphic features and seizures -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille	-	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago	Feb 19, 2015	- -

Inborn genetic diseases Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Nov 07, 2019

- -

Seizure;C0232466:Feeding difficulties;C0423224:Deeply set eye;C3276611:Absent or delayed speech development;C3714756:Intellectual disability;C4551563:Microcephaly Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

Greenwood Genetic Center Diagnostic Laboratories, Greenwood Genetic Center

Sep 09, 2014

- -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Apr 20, 2024

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); Nonsense variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss of function is a known mechanism of disease; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25920557, 25363760, 28053047, 28191890, 31332282, 31981491, 28714951, 35982159, 33057194, 35982160, 37595579, 31785789, 34345024, 31440721) -

Complex neurodevelopmental disorder Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

provider interpretation

GenomeConnect - Simons Searchlight

Aug 13, 2018

Submission from Simons Searchlight facilitated by GenomeConnect. Variant interpreted by the Simons Searchlight team most recently on 2018-08-13 and interpreted as Pathogenic. Variant was initially reported on 2017-03-10 by GTR ID of laboratory name 1006. The reporting laboratory might also submit to ClinVar. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.62	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.66
CADD	Pathogenic	44
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.0
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.91
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	A;A;A;A;A;A;A
Vest4		0.84, 0.97, 0.95
GERP RS		5.8
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.080		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs724159953; hg19: chr21-38877655; COSMIC: COSV58292386;