rs74315372

Positions:

• chr1-17028628-T-C
• chr1-17028628-T-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Moderate

The NM_003000.3(SDHB):​c.395A>G​(p.His132Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000342 in 1,461,872 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. H132P) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000034 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: SDHB NM_003000.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:9
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.33

Genes affected

SDHB (HGNC:10681): (succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B) This tumor suppressor gene encodes the iron-sulfur protein subunit of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) enzyme complex which plays a critical role in mitochondria. The SDH enzyme complex is composed of four nuclear-encoded subunits. This enzyme complex converts succinate to fumarate which releases electrons as part of the citric acid cycle, and the enzyme complex additionally provides an attachment site for released electrons to be transferred to the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. The SDH enzyme complex plays a role in oxygen-related gene regulation through its conversion of succinate, which is an oxygen sensor that stabilizes the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) transcription factor. Sporadic and familial mutations in this gene result in paragangliomas, pheochromocytoma, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors, supporting a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and tumorigenesis. Mutations in this gene are also implicated in nuclear type 4 mitochondrial complex II deficiency. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2022]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 5 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 16 uncertain in NM_003000.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr1-17028628-T-G is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 12787.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.93

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
SDHB	NM_003000.3	c.395A>G	p.His132Arg	missense_variant	4/8	ENST00000375499.8
SDHB	NM_001407361.1	c.369+26A>G		intron_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
SDHB	ENST00000375499.8	c.395A>G	p.His132Arg	missense_variant	4/8	1	NM_003000.3	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000342 AC: 5 AN: 1461872 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 727238

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000450

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.0000458 Hom.: 0

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:9

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina	Apr 28, 2017	This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). No publications were found based on this search. Allele frequency data from public databases did not allow this variant to be ruled in or out of causing disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as a variant of unknown significance. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health	Aug 08, 2023	This missense variant replaces histidine with arginine at codon 132 of the SDHB protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may have deleterious impact on protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold >= 0.7, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. Another variant at this position has be classified as pathogenic in ClinVar indicating this amino acid position may be important for function (ClinVar Variation ID: VCV000012787). This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with SDHB-related disorders in the literature. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital

Aug 15, 2023

- -

Pheochromocytoma;C0238198:Gastrointestinal stromal tumor;C1861848:Paragangliomas 4 Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Jan 06, 2024

This sequence change replaces histidine, which is basic and polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 132 of the SDHB protein (p.His132Arg). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of gastrointestinal stromal tumor syndrome (Invitae). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 412452). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt SDHB protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. This variant disrupts the p.His132 amino acid residue in SDHB. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been observed in individuals with SDHB-related conditions (PMID: 14715873, 31492822), which suggests that this may be a clinically significant amino acid residue. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

-

The SDHB p.His132Arg variant was not identified in the literature nor was it identified in LOVD 3.0. The variant was identified in dbSNP (ID: rs74315372) and ClinVar (classified as uncertain significance by Invitae for Gastrointestinal stroma tumor, Paragangliomas 4 and Pheochromocytoma). The variant was not identified in the following control databases: the 1000 Genomes Project, the NHLBI GO Exome Sequencing Project, or the Genome Aggregation Database (March 6, 2019, v2.1.1). The p.His132 residue is conserved across mammals and other organisms, and four out of five computational analyses (PolyPhen-2, SIFT, AlignGVGD, BLOSUM, MutationTaster) suggest that the variant may impact the protein; however, this information is not predictive enough to assume pathogenicity. The variant occurs outside of the splicing consensus sequence and 1 of 4 in silico or computational prediction software programs (SpliceSiteFinder, MaxEntScan, NNSPLICE, GeneSplicer) predict a greater than 10% difference in splicing; this is not very predictive of pathogenicity. In summary, based on the above information the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined with certainty at this time. This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance. -

Paragangliomas 4 Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Centre for Mendelian Genomics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana

Apr 30, 2019

This variant was classified as: Uncertain significance. The available evidence on this variant's pathogenicity is insufficient or conflicting. The following ACMG criteria were applied in classifying this variant: PM2,PM5,PP3. -

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

Feb 22, 2024

- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Oct 25, 2023

The p.H132R variant (also known as c.395A>G), located in coding exon 4 of the SDHB gene, results from an A to G substitution at nucleotide position 395. The histidine at codon 132 is replaced by arginine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Carney-Stratakis syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Apr 28, 2017

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). No publications were found based on this search. Allele frequency data from public databases did not allow this variant to be ruled in or out of causing disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as a variant of unknown significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.96
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.52	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.51
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.93	D;.;D
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.0
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.93
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.90	D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.47	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.93	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.0	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.3	H;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.77	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-7.6	D;.;.
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.90
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;.;.
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0060	D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;.;.
Vest4		0.83
MutPred		0.73		Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.0584);.;.;
MVP		0.95
MPC		0.42
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		6.2
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.96
gMVP		0.85

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.030		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs74315372; hg19: chr1-17355123;