rs75506045

Variant names:

• chr7-128254739-G-C
• rs75506045
• NM_000230.3:c.480G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points: 5P and 1B. PM1 PM2 PP2 BP4

The NM_000230.3(LEP):​c.480G>C​(p.Gln160His) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000434 in 1,611,806 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 (0 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000041 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: LEP NM_000230.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.39
• Publications: 2 publications found

Genes affected

LEP (HGNC:6553): (leptin) This gene encodes a protein that is secreted by white adipocytes into the circulation and plays a major role in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Circulating leptin binds to the leptin receptor in the brain, which activates downstream signaling pathways that inhibit feeding and promote energy expenditure. This protein also has several endocrine functions, and is involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses, hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, reproduction, bone formation and wound healing. Mutations in this gene and its regulatory regions cause severe obesity and morbid obesity with hypogonadism in human patients. A mutation in this gene has also been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus development. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

LEP Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• obesity due to congenital leptin deficiency

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, Orphanet

ENSG00000289434 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a chain Leptin (size 145) in uniprot entity LEP_HUMAN there are 6 pathogenic changes around while only 1 benign (86%) in NM_000230.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 6 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 1 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 0.90973 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 1.8247 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to obesity due to congenital leptin deficiency.
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.34304023).

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000230.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	LEP	NM_000230.3	MANE Select	c.480G>C	p.Gln160His	missense	Exon 3 of 3	NP_000221.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	LEP	ENST00000308868.5	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.480G>C	p.Gln160His	missense	Exon 3 of 3	ENSP00000312652.4
	ENSG00000289434	ENST00000785131.1		n.168+8623C>G		intron	N/A

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1 AN: 152136 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.000194

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.0000162 AC: 4 AN: 246362 AF XY: 0.00000746

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.000219

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000411 AC: 6 AN: 1459552 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000413 AC XY: 3 AN XY: 726114

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33474

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44720

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.000151 AC: 6 AN: 39698

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86236

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 51320

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5664

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1111944

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60360

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1 AN: 152254 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 74434

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 41556

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 15300

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 3470

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.000194 AC: 1 AN: 5154

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4822

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 10622

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 294

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 68016

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 2110

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.0000113

ExAC AF: 0.0000165 AC: 2

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.32
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.20	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.23
CADD	Benign	21
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.37	T
Eigen	Uncertain	0.56
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.54
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.80	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.85	D
M_CAP	Benign	0.033	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.34	T
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.19	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.3	M
PhyloP100		1.4
PrimateAI	Benign	0.37	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-2.2	N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.37
Sift	Benign	0.089	T
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0070	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.17
MutPred		0.47		Gain of catalytic residue at M157 (P = 0.1342)
MVP		0.91
MPC		1.4
ClinPred		0.80	D
GERP RS		4.9
Varity_R		0.26
gMVP		0.69
Mutation Taster		=58/42	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs75506045; hg19: chr7-127894792;