rs5932

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points: 3P and 1B. PM2PP4BP4

This summary comes from the ClinGen Evidence Repository: The NM_000527.5(LDLR):c.1402G>A (p.Val468Ile) variant is classified as Uncertain significance - insufficient evidence for Familial Hypercholesterolemia by applying evidence codes (PM2, PP4, BP4) as defined by the ClinGen Familial Hypercholesterolemia Expert Panel LDLR-specific variant curation guidelines (https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.17.21252755). The supporting evidence is as follows:PM2 - PopMax MAF = 0.0001146 (0.012%) in non-Finnish European exomes/genomes (gnomAD v2.1.1).PP4 - Variant meets PM2 and is identified in at least 1 index case (Robarts Research Institute - 1 index case w/ DLCN>=6), after alternative causes of high cholesterol have been excluded.BP4 - REVEL = 0.239. It is below 0.50. splicing evaluation required. Functional data not availableA) not on limitsB) does not create AGVariant is not predicted to alter splicing LINK:https://erepo.genome.network/evrepo/ui/classification/CA023485/MONDO:0007750/013

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000046 ( 0 hom., cov: 31)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000081 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

LDLR
NM_000527.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance reviewed by expert panel U:4B:5O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 1.76

Publications

8 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

LDLR (HGNC:6547): (low density lipoprotein receptor) The low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene family consists of cell surface proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis of specific ligands. The encoded protein is normally bound at the cell membrane, where it binds low density lipoprotein/cholesterol and is taken into the cell. Lysosomes release the cholesterol, which is made available for repression of microsomal enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. At the same time, a reciprocal stimulation of cholesterol ester synthesis takes place. Mutations in this gene cause the autosomal dominant disorder, familial hypercholesterolemia. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

LDLR links:

MIR6886 (HGNC:50121): (microRNA 6886) microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

MIR6886 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points.

PM2

For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.

PP4

For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.

BP4

For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
LDLR	NM_000527.5 link	c.1402G>A	p.Val468Ile	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 18	ENST00000558518.6	NP_000518.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
LDLR	ENST00000558518.6 link	c.1402G>A	p.Val468Ile	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 18	1	NM_000527.5	ENSP00000454071.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000460

AC:

AN:

152124

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000735

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.000478

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000717

AC:

AN:

251122

AF XY:

0.0000516

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000616

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.0000544

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000115

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000814

AC:

119

AN:

1461730

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000825

AC XY:

AN XY:

727166

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33478

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000895

AC:

AN:

44708

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26132

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39698

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000464

AC:

AN:

86252

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53324

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.000347

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000908

AC:

101

AN:

1111976

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000132

AC:

AN:

60394

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.460

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000460

AC:

AN:

152242

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000403

AC XY:

AN XY:

74426

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000241

AC:

AN:

41564

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15262

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5170

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4824

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10608

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000735

AC:

AN:

68024

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000473

AC:

AN:

2112

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.439

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000591

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000604

TwinsUK

AF:

0.000270

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000741

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.000289

AC:

AN:

3478

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.000237

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4Benign:5Other:1

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:1Benign:1Other:1

May 09, 2018

GeneDx

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign or benign based on one or more of the following criteria: it is a conservative change, it occurs at a poorly conserved position in the protein, it is predicted to be benign by multiple in silico algorithms, and/or has population frequency not consistent with disease. -

Jul 04, 2019

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Dept. of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Research Labs

Significance:not provided

Review Status:no classification provided

Collection Method:in vitro

- -

Familial hypercholesterolemia

Benign:3

Feb 21, 2023

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jan 13, 2020

Natera, Inc.

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Oct 23, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1

Uncertain:1Benign:1

Dec 16, 2016

Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, Unité de génétique de l'Obésité et des Dyslipidémies, APHP, GH Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié-Salpêtrière / Charles-Foix

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

subject mutated among 2600 FH index cases screened = 1(compound heterozygous associated with large rearrnagement) / Software predictions: Conflicting -

Aug 29, 2022

ClinGen Familial Hypercholesterolemia Variant Curation Expert Panel

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:reviewed by expert panel

Collection Method:curation

The NM_000527.5(LDLR):c.1402G>A (p.Val468Ile) variant is classified as Uncertain significance - insufficient evidence for Familial Hypercholesterolemia by applying evidence codes (PM2, PP4, BP4) as defined by the ClinGen Familial Hypercholesterolemia Expert Panel LDLR-specific variant curation guidelines (https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.17.21252755). The supporting evidence is as follows: PM2 - PopMax MAF = 0.0001146 (0.012%) in non-Finnish European exomes/genomes (gnomAD v2.1.1). PP4 - Variant meets PM2 and is identified in at least 1 index case (Robarts Research Institute - 1 index case w/ DLCN>=6), after alternative causes of high cholesterol have been excluded. BP4 - REVEL = 0.239. It is below 0.50. splicing evaluation required. Functional data not available A) not on limits B) does not create AG Variant is not predicted to alter splicing -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Feb 14, 2025

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: LDLR c.1402G>A (p.Val468Ile) results in a conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 7.2e-05 in 251122 control chromosomes. This frequency is not significantly higher than estimated for a pathogenic variant in LDLR causing Familial Hypercholesterolemia (7.2e-05 vs 0.0013), allowing no conclusion about variant significance. c.1402G>A has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Myocardial infarction however authors classified the variant as Benign (Do_2015). These report(s) do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Familial Hypercholesterolemia. At least one publication reports experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function. These results showed no damaging effect of this variant (Thormaehlen_2015). The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 25487149, 25647241). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 183115). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Cardiovascular phenotype

Uncertain:1

Sep 26, 2022

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.V468I variant (also known as c.1402G>A), located in coding exon 10 of the LDLR gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 1402. The valine at codon 468 is replaced by isoleucine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This alteration has been reported in an early onset myocardial infarction cohort; however, clinical details were limited (Do R et al. Nature, 2015 Feb;518:102-6; Thormaehlen AS et al. PLoS Genet, 2015 Feb;11:e1004855).This amino acid position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.065

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.12

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.17

CADD

Benign

9.2

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.96

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.50

D;.;.;.;.;.

Eigen

Benign

-0.60

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.59

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.97

LIST_S2

Benign

0.73

T;T;T;T;T;T

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.29

MetaRNN

Benign

0.18

T;T;T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Uncertain

-0.061

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.33

N;.;.;.;.;N

PhyloP100

1.8

PrimateAI

Benign

0.30

PROVEAN

Benign

-0.23

N;N;N;N;N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.24

Sift

Benign

0.25

T;T;T;T;T;T

Sift4G

Benign

0.30

T;T;T;T;T;T

Polyphen

0.019

B;.;.;.;.;.

Vest4

0.095

MVP

0.86

MPC

0.24

ClinPred

0.023

GERP RS

1.5

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.083

gMVP

0.91

Mutation Taster

=52/48

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.010

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over